In this study, the ability of the electrochemical process to remove aqueous high concentration phenol using an electrochemical cell with aluminum anode and cathode was examined. The removal rate of phenol was monitored using different parameters phenol concentration, pH, electrolysis time, current density, and electrode distance. Obtained results indicated that the low removal rates of phenol were observed at both low and high pH. However, the removal rate of phenol increased with an increase in the current density, each electrochemical process conditions need a certain electrodes distance. removal rate of phenol decreased with the increase in the initial phenol concentration. The maximum removal rate of phenol obtained from this study was 82%.
In this study, biowaste nano zerovalent iron (NZFe) was synthesized by a simple procedure from banana peel extract and was utilized, for the first time, as granular third electrodes in the 3D electrochemical system for cationic dyes removal. The aim of this study is to detect the efficacy of the synthesized biowaste NZFe as a granular third electrode for cationic dyes removal. The physical and chemical properties of the synthesized NZFe were determined using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. An electrochemical cell with graphite as anode and stainless steel as cathode was used. A 3D electrochemical system with NZFe as granular third electrodes was found to be more efficient than a 2D electrochemical system for removing cationic dyes from an aqueous solution. The highest removal rates of methyl green and basic blue 41 under the optimum operating conditions (NZFe dose of 2 g/L, pH of 5, electrolysis time of 35 min, 0.3 g/L [Na2SO4], current density of 50 mA/cm2, and dye concentration of 100 mg/L) were 98.8% and 97.1%, respectively. The potential mechanism of the removal of cationic dyes utilizing the 3D electrochemical system with the NZFe as granular third electrodes was proposed.
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