BACKGROUND Gynaecological specimens form the major proportion of tissue biopsies in most pathology departments. Sexually active women are more prone to cervical disease. The aim of this study is to find out the frequency distribution of tumours occurring in FGT. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was carried out in pathology department of MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur. All formalin fixed surgical specimens of female genital tract from January 2013 to December 2015 were subjected for histopathology and examined under light microscopy. All neoplastic lesions were included, and non-neoplastic lesions were excluded from the study. RESULTS Between the period January 2013 to December 2015, a total of hundred (100) FGT surgical biopsies with various types of neoplastic lesions were received in the department of pathology, MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur. Out of which 8 tumours were from uterine cervix, 64 tumours were from uterine body, 28 tumours were from ovaries. Majority 90% were benign and 10% were malignant. Leiomyoma was the most common benign tumour of uterine body and squamous cell carcinoma of cervix was the most common malignant tumour. Both benign and malignant tumours occur in the age group of 41-50 years. CONCLUSION Histology is the best technique to detect female genital tract lesions. Leiomyoma is the common tumour arising in FGT. Carcinoma of cervix is the common malignant tumour. Routine Pap smear test in reproductive age group is a way of reducing the occurrence of carcinoma of the cervix in our setup with current means.

BACKGROUNDCancer of the prostate is typically a disease of men older than age 50 years. It is the most common cancer in west and the 2 nd leading cause of cancer death among men. The objective of this study is to evaluate the pattern of histopathological types of prostatic lesions seen in the pathology department of MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand. MATERIALS AND METHODSAll prostate specimens were received and processed in pathology department of MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur over a period of two years from September 2013 to August 2015. Their diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination (HPE) and reports of all specimens were prepared. RESULTSProstatic biopsy (prostatectomy & Trucut biopsy) was done in all 152 cases in the O.T. of MGM Medical College, Jamshedpur. These prostatic tissue specimens were received and processed in the histopathology section of pathology department and prepared reports. The preponderance of the cases was benign prostatic hyperplasia (63.2%), followed by prostatic carcinoma (28.9%), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) (1.3%), and inadequate samples (6.6%). CONCLUSIONIn the present study, BPH is the most common prostate lesion. Prostatic carcinoma is relatively high and most of the cases have a high GS (Gleason Score) that indicates high mortality in our population. Attempts should be made to increase the consciousness so as to decrease the mortality.

According to Ayurveda, a healthcare system is like a table which is stood upon four factors i.e., Bhishaka (physician), Dravya (medicaments), Upasthata (attendant) and Rogi (patient), among which physician is considered to be the most principal factor among others. Charaka Samhita being the foremost compendium of Ayurveda has given much emphasis on various characteristic of an ideal physician along with his duties, functions and other essential aspects. By studying all these textual information one can draw a distinct idea about the importance and role of an ideal physician in the healthcare system as conceptualised by Charaka Samhita. A physician by virtue of his erudite knowledge, commanding capability and rational approach drives the entire healthcare system to its successful accomplishment. Without physician, none of the other three factors can function properly and leads to collapse. It is only the physician who is capable of bringing the other three factors, viz. the patient, the attendant and the medicament to right usage. Even if, these three factors are deficient in certain qualities, the physician can by virtue of his imagination; knowledge and concentration render them useful. The three factors (even if otherwise useful) may turn out to be completely useless in the absence of a well-qualified physician. Thus a physician holds the most important place in a healthcare system by virtue of his textual knowledge, extensive experience, noble character, skill and many other qualities.

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BACKGROUND Gall bladder disease is not an uncommon disorder. Most of the cases admitted in the hospitals require surgical intervention. Routine examination of the gall bladder after cholecystectomy shows different histopathological changes ranging from inflammation to premalignant and carcinoma. Although gall bladder disease is most often found in women, men may have this condition as well. The objectives of the study are-1) To study the histopathological changes in gall bladder surgically removed in surgery department of MGM Medical College Hospital, Jamshedpur. 2) To find out the incidence of carcinoma and other gall bladder diseases in routine cholecystectomies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present study is based on histopathological analysis of 174 cases of cholecystectomy specimens from January 2015 to December 2016 in the