No abstract

Summary The long‐term evolution (LTE) and long‐term evolution advance (LTE‐A) communication networks are the buzz of cellular networks. Due to the phenomenal count of users who hangs on cellular networks in regard to the concept of information and communications technology (ICT), the over‐sized demand of any network related to ICT experiences the crux of transmission load, which is critical constraint of the cellular networks. Though the contemporary research evincing the benchmark strategies to deal the crux of load on cellular networks, most of these are adapting handoff schemes to optimize the communication through effective load balancing under one or two standard quality metrics. Hence, the contemporary models have critical droppage in performance under the context of multiple quality objectives. In regard to deprive the constraints of the contemporary models, a handoff mechanism to optimize the load balancing in cellular networks under diversified contextual quality objectives has been defined in this manuscript. The method that is portrayed is a search technique that intends to select an optimal target node. The experimental study that was carried has evinced the significance the proposal that scaled against the contemporary methods having similar objective.

Cellular wirelesses heterogeneous networks (HetNets) have become an important part of the growth of the telecom industry. The rapid growth of cellular networks and widespread use of wireless services have led to a huge increase in energy use. This makes it hard to make cellular networks that use less energy and last longer. In HetNets, load balancing (LB) and energy balance have a big effect on cell range extension (CRE) and network lifetime extension (NLE). optimal energy efficient LB in wireless cellular HetNets is presented in this paper using a self-tuning algorithm. Several self-tuning methods for HetNets have been developed that are driven by the quality of experience (QoE). Unlike earlier heuristic-based approaches, the suggested technique uses a gradient ascending method to ensure that parameter modifications constantly increase overall system QoE, LB, throughput, and energy efficiency. The planned network's packet loss rate is extremely low. The suggested and contemporary models are tested in an experimental investigation, demonstrating the importance of the suggested model in comparison to other contemporary methodologies.