Osteoarthritis is a heterogeneous disease of joints that affects mainly older population. Definitive cure of osteoarthritis is still undiscovered. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the chondroprotective effects of hyaluronic acid and triamcinolone in murine model of osteoarthritis. Methods: This Laboratory based experimental study was carried out in Pharmacology Department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, from April-June 2019. Osteoarthritis was induced by medial menisectomy and anterior cruciate ligament resectioning of knee joints of twenty-four rats which were then divided into three groups with eight rats in each. Group I, II and III were named control, hyaluronic acid and triamcinolone groups respectively, which were given intra-articular injections of these drugs once weekly for four consecutive weeks and then gait pattern was scored. Animals were sacrificed thereafter and samples were collected for histopathological analysis. Results: Comparison of gait score of control, hyaluronic acid and triamcinolone groups exhibited a p value of <0.01 while intergroup comparison between group I and II, group I and III and group II and III depicted p value of <0.001, 0.016 and 0.003 respectively. Likewise, collective histopathological analysis of the three groups showed p value of <0.01 while intergroup comparison of group I and II, group I and III and group II and III showed p value of <0.001 for all. Conclusion: Comparison of control group with treatment groups proved chondroprotective effects of hyaluronic acid and triamcinolone. Additionally, hyaluronic acid proved to provide better chondroprotection as compared to triamcinolone.
Objective: To determine the contraceptive awareness and practices in patients with rheumatic diseases using disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Outpatient of Rheumatology, Department at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad Pakistan, from Jan to Apr 2021. Methodology: Patients with any rheumatic disease and taking teratogenic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs were included in the study. Patients were asked about if they were counseled regarding the risk of teratogenicity with the antirheumatic drugs and when to stop the drug before pregnancy. Results: Out of total 150 patients, 87 (58.0%) female patients had Rheumatoid arthritis and 26 (17.3%) had Systemic lupus erythematosus. The majority of female patients (104, 69.3%) were using Methotrexate and 21 (14.0%) females were using Leflunomide. Only 53 (35.3%) females were counseled about drug teratogenicity. Most of the female patients (102, 68.0%) were never counseled about the use of contraception while taking anti-rheumatic drugs. The rate of use of contraceptives was even worse and merely 15 (10.0%) females were using contraceptives. Conclusion: Majority of the patients with rheumatic diseases being treated with teratogenic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, were not using any form of contraception. The rate of contraceptive use and counseling regarding contraceptives was noted to be very low.
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