Background: Bone Marrow Biopsy is used as an intervention to diagnose certain hematological and systemic diseases as an adjunct to routine laboratory investigations. The procedure includes getting an aspirate and a trephine biopsy. Slides/Smears are prepared from the aspirate and touch imprints along with Hematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) stained sections are prepared from the trephine. Traditionally the slides from the aspirate have been prepared directly (without anticoagulants) and examined along with the trephine biopsy sections to reach a diagnosis. EDTA (Ethylene Diammine Tetra Acetate) preserved specimen can also be used to make slides of the aspirate. Objective: To compare two methods of bone marrow aspirate preparation. Design of study: Randomized controlled trial. Place of study: Department of Pathology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad Materials and methods: Patients coming to the Department of Pathology for bone marrow biopsy had their samples taken. Half of each sample was used to make direct smears and the other half was preserved in EDTA i.e. the purple top vials. Slides were made at the end of the procedure by the preserved sample and then the two were stained by the same person and procedure (Wright stain) and examined for any differences in quality. SPSS version 21.2 was used to analyze the data. Results: A total of 132 was taken.77 (58.3%) were males and 55(41.7%) were females. 50(37.9%) were adults and 82(62.1%) were children. P–value was found to be 0.81392 which was non-significant proving the fact that the 2 techniques are comparable. Conclusion: EDTA preserved bone marrow aspirate can be used to prepare slides at the end of the whole procedure without compromising the quality of the smears and result interpretation.
Diabetes mellitus is chronic condition with defect in regulation of insulin. Microalbuminuria is one of the early appearing markers of overt diabetic nephropathy. Uncontrolled glycemic status has been postulated to be associated with increase urinary albumin levels. Objectives: To find out the association of increased urinary albumin with poor glyemic status of patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology, Indus Medical College Hospital Tando Muhammad Khan. Period: November 2018 to June 2019. Material & Methods: Patients were divided into two groups: Group I (Poor glycemic control, HbA1c >7%) and Group II (Good glycemic control, HbA1c <7%). Glycated hemoglobin and microalbuminuria were evaluated in all patients. Data was analyzed using SPSS 21.0. P – value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Total of 213 patients were included in the study with male ratio (56.8%) slightly higher than females (43.19%). Mean age of patients was 42.3 ± 2.1 years. Mean glycated hemoglobin in Group I and II was 8.12 ± 0.97% and 5.98 ± 0.41% respectively. In Group I, 57.54% patients were detected with microalbuminuria as compared to Group II (12.26%). P value was statistically significant (<0.001). Conclusion: Microalbuminuria was found more frequently in patients with poor glycemic control. Early detection of urinary microalbumin in these patients may decrease the risk of kidney damage and appropriate and adequate management in initial stage.
Introduction: Retinoblastoma is most common pediatric ocular malignancy. Majority of patients presented with unilateral disease. Infiltration to other organs is common with bone marrow being one of the most common organ involved.Methodology: This study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad for a period of one year. A total of 47 known patients of retinoblastoma were included in study. All patients underwent bone marrow biopsy for evaluation of infiltration.Results: Out of 47 patients, 32 (68.1%) were male and 15 (31.9%) were female (ratio 2.13:1). 37 (78.7%) patients were unilateral and 10 (21.3%) were bilateral. Bone marrow infiltration was present in 14 (29.78%) cases. Conclusion:Bone marrow is among most common sites of involvement in patients with bone marrow biopsy. Distant metastatic involvement has great impact on treatment and overall survival of patients.
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a multi-factorial disease having widespread effect on various functions of body. Electrolyte imbalance is a major problem presenting in diabetic patients due to direct effect of hyperglycemia on these electrolytes.
Introduction: Hypertension is major and leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. Abnormal and irregular coagulation parameters indicates predisposition to atherosclerosis but is diagnosed usually after any unwanted event; for example myocardial infarction, cerebral bleeding etc. Objective:The main aim of the study is to evaluate prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and international normalized ratio in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients to see their predisposition towards coagulopathy in early stage. Methods and materials: Conclusion:The evaluation of coagulation parameters in newly diagnosed hypertensive patients showed significant rise which indicated their susceptibility towards coagulopathy and hemostatic abnormalities.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.