Background: Bone marrow analysis is an invasive practice applicable to identifying, staging, and pursuing tumours. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of malignant hematological disorders using bone marrow aspirate and biopsy at Dr. Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Blood Diseases (DIEKIBD). Methodology: In this retrospective study, 756 patient records were examined for bone marrow analysis including both aspiration & biopsy, from January 2014 to December 2018. The posterior superior iliac crest was preferred for bone marrow sampling and aspiration was done with the help of a Salah bone marrow needle. Results: It was observed that about half of the bone marrow examinations, i.e. 362 (47%), were carried out for tumour staging. Of which 260 (71.8%) were not compromised by primary diseases, while 102 (28.17%) cases contained primary diseases. Among non-malignant hematological disorders, megaloblastic anemia and mixed deficiency anemia were the most frequent, i.e. 24 (3.1%) each. In comparison, chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia were the most prevalent malignant hematological disorders 42(5.5%) each. Conclusion: As per the study results, the pathological analysis of bone marrow via aspirate and trephine biopsy has comparatively more significant value in diagnosing and staging the malignant disorders than the non-malignant disorders.
Objective This prospective study was conducted to establish safety and efficacy of intravenous iron therapy in postnatal anemic patients. Results Around 217 anemic women were included in the study. Most of these patients (82.2%) were of 21 to 30 years of age having parity of 2 to 4 (53.9%). Almost 71% of patients had moderate anemia with Hb of 7 to 9 gm/dl. Around 208 patients (95.86%) required two to four injections of intravenous iron to build up Hb to optimum acceptable level. Only seven patients (3.22%) suffered from minor complications of local rash, while three (1.38%) had more severe allergic reactions but were managed successfully. Conclusion Intravenous iron is a safe and effective alternative in postnatal patients as it ensures iron therapy in low resource and noncompliant patients.
Abstract Objective:To ascertain the frequency of markers of transfusion-transmitted infections. among blood donors in a blood bank at a tertiary care hospital Material and Methods:The study was a retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, covering from 1stJanuary 2013- October 2018 and was conducted in the blood bank section, in the Department of Pathology at Dow University of HealthSciences, Hospital. All blood donors were screened for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV (I & II), syphilis through electrochemiluminescence and malaria (immunochromatography).Data was entered and subsequently analyzed by statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21. The frequency of infectious disease markers (HbsAg, Anti HCV, HIV, syphilis, and malaria) was calculated among blood donors. Results:The total number of donors in our study was 29732, out of which 2587 donors were positive for an infectious disease.Out of the total donors, 29712 were male and 20 were female. There were 12 volunteer donors and 29720 exchange donors. The mean prevalence of donors with positive infectious markers was as follows; Anti HCV was 3 %, HbsAg was 2.9%, Syphilis was 2.0%, HIV was 0.5% and Malaria was 0.02 %. Conclusion:HbsAg and Anti HCV were the most frequent infections (3%) found in our blood donors, followed by syphilis with a frequency of 2%. Keywords: Blood transfusion, transfusion-transmitted infections, blood donors.
Objective To evaluate the safety and integrity of scar at repeat cesarean section, in patients with previous one cesarean section performed at different settings. Study design A reterospective study in a tertiary care obstetric unit over a period of one year (2006). Material and methods All patients with previous one cesarean section, undergoing emergency and elective cesarean sections were enrolled at our institution. The variables noted were age, parity, residential area, location of previous cesarean section and associated complaints, e.g uterine contractions, vaginal leaking/ bleeding and comorbid medical disorders. Outcome measures Operative findings in terms of thinning of scar, dehiscence or rupture were recorded. The effects of skill level of surgeon and set-up of previous cesarean section were analyzed. Results Two hundred and seventy cesarean sections were performed for different indications in patients with previous one cesarean section over a period of one year. Out of all patients, extreme thinning of scar was noted in 36 (13.3%) patients. Seven patients(2.6%) had scar dehiscence. Only 3 (42.8%) patients with scar dehiscence had associated complaint of scar tenderness, while 22 (61%)of 36 cases of scar thinning were having scar tenderness. All 7 cases of scar dehiscence had their previous cesarean sections at teaching hospitals. No patient underwent hysterectomy and all patients with scar dehiscence had successful repair. Conclusion The study concludes relatively inadequate scar thickness rate but at the same time relatively acceptable scar dehiscence rate. Thus it will still be safe to subject the patients to trial of labor after meticulous scrutinization and individualization. At the same time adequate surgical training of doctors (trainees and community doctors) through different formats is recommended.
Background: Diagnosis of fever of unidentified cause remains challenging despite the availability of modern diagnostic techniques. Pyrexia of Unknown Origin (PUO) may result from various etiologies, among which infectious diseases are largely responsible. Many diagnostic approaches are currently applied. A detailed history with a complete general physical examination followed by baseline investigations with other specific tests like imaging, microbiological tests, and biopsies is employed to diagnose PUO. This study was designed for the evaluation and effectiveness of bone marrow biopsy in the identification of PUO and highlighted the existing spectrum of diseases involved in PUO.
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