The term waswas appears five times in the Quran and seven times in seven Hadith books collections. Its interpretations by exegetes and scholars in Islamic studies vary, but one is associated with obsessive-compulsive disease (OCD). This is a study of the term waswas with the express objective of identifying its components that correspond to a contemporary understanding of OCD. This is a qualitative study that employs content and document analysis to examine chosen Islamic interpretation of the al-Quran, Hadith and traditional scholar viewpoints, with an emphasis on three characteristics of OCD: obsession, compulsive behaviour, and causation. The Quran and Hadith constitute the final miracle, transcending geographical and generational boundaries. Although OCD appears to be a recent diagnosis, its essence is mentioned in the magnificent Al-Quran.
Waswas atau kecelaruan obsesif-kompulsif (OCD) merupakan antara sepuluh beban penyakit utama di seluruh dunia yang diklasifikasikan oleh World Health Organization (WHO) (Murray, 1996). Sehubungan itu, kupasan terhadap isu waswas ini dari aspek rawatan dan penyelidikan banyak dirujuk kepada psikiatri moden dan klinikal psikologi. Walaubagaimanapun pendekatan rawatan waswas menurut sarjana Islam di era ketamadunan Islam kurang diketengahkan kepada masyarakat. Justeru, objektif kajian adalah untuk mengumpul dan mengenal pasti fokus rawatan waswas oleh sarjana Islam pada abad ke 8 sehingga abad 19 Masihi di bawah pemerintahan khilafah Islam berteraskan empat domain hidup iaitu biologi, psikologi, sosial dan spiritual. Manakala dari aspek metode, kajian mengaplikasi sepenuhnya kajian kualitatif berasaskan dokumentasi. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat sebanyak 10 terapi berasaskan biologi, 6 pendekatan psikologi, 3 pendekatan bersifat sosial dan 2 amalan beserta 8 doa sebagai pendekatan rawatan secara spiritual. Penemuan ini amat berharga kepada masyarakat Islam kerana keperluan dalam keseimbangan empat elemen ini penting bagi mengatasi masalah waswas dan tidak hanya tertumpu kepada pendekatan rawatan bersifat spiritual.Abstract: Waswas or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of ten major illnesses worldwide are classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Murray, 1996). In this regard, the focus on this issue of treatment and research has been widely referred to modern psychiatry and clinical psychology. However, waswas treatment based on Islamic scholars in Islamic civilisation era less highlighted to the community. Thus, the objective of the study is to collect and identify the focus of waswas treatment by Islamic scholars in 8 century until 19 century under the reign of Caliph of Islam is based on four domains of life that is biological, psychological, social and spiritual. While, the methodological approach taken in this study is a qualitative research through documentation. The findings show that there are 10 biological-based therapies, 6 psychological approaches, 3 social approaches and 2 practices and 8 dua’ as a spiritual approach. These findings are very very valuable to the Muslim community because the needs in this important balance four elements to overcome waswas and not just focused on spiritual approaches.
Usia tua merupakan suatu usia yang dibimbangi dan ditakuti oleh manusia. Kemerosotan yang terjadi dari sudut fizikal, kognitif dan juga psikologi sering menjadikan warga emas merasa murung, sedih dan tidak berdaya. Namun begitu, Bediuzzaman Said nursi membawa satu lensa pemikiran yang baru buat warga emas dalam mengharungi usia tua mereka dengan keadaan yang tenang dan bahagia. Penawar dan harapan yang ditonjolkan oleh beliau bertujuan supaya warga emas menjadikan al-Quran sebagai syifa dan kekuatan untuk bersandar ketika di hujung usia. Kajian ini mengunakan kaedah penyelidikan secara perpustakaan sepenuhnya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa dengan tujuh harapan yang diketengahkan oleh Bediuzzaman Said Nursi ini mampu meningkatkan keimanan dan menjadikan warga emas berada dalam satu keadaan merasai kemanisan kehidupan dalam iman juga kesempatan dalam ibadah meskipun di hujung usia.
Quranic classes are one of the available options for the elderly. However, there is a worrying trend where only the same students are registering for these classes, and even their number is declining. This situation is seen not only in mosques but also in welfare homes for the elderly. Investigations have revealed various contributing factors for this phenomenon. For example, the approach used by teachers is not appropriate to the levels of physical, cognitive, and psychological abilities of the elderly. Therefore, this study aims to propose a specific approach to teaching al-Quran for the elderly based on the hadiths of Prophet Muhammad PBUH. The library research method was used to select the hadiths that can be used as a reference in developing a suitable aproach for Quran teachers who teach the elderly. Using an appropriate approach for the elderly is imperative, as the wrong approach will discourage them from studying the Quran, ultimately leading to withdrawal from the classes.
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