HighlightsIntestinal malrotation refers to the partial or complete failure of rotation of midgut around the superior mesenteric vessels in embryonic life which increases the risk of twisting midgut and subsequent obstruction and necrosis.Malrotation in adults is a rare cause of midgut volvulus as though it should be considered in differential diagnosis in patients presented with acute abdomen and intestinal ischemia.Typical radiological signs are corkscrew sign.

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Crystallized phenol application is a good alternative to the modified Limberg flap procedure and other surgical procedures, because it has several advantages such as being a minimally invasive procedure performed under local anesthesia with higher success rate after multiple applications, decreased length of stay in hospital, and minimal scar tissue formation.

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While levobupivacaine had a positive effect on wound healing during the early period, negative effects were observed thereafter. Additional studies at the molecular level are necessary to determine the cause of these apparently opposite effects.

MPV was significantly higher in patients with thyroid malignancies than in patients with benign thyroid diseases. We propose that MPV might be an important predictive factor for thyroid malignancies. Further prospective studies with a larger number of patients in high-volume endocrine surgery centers are required to confirm our findings.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and adenoma size in parathyroidectomized patients who underwent a parathyroidectomy. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio has recently become popular as a biomarker for malignant diseases or for estimating tumor size preoperatively. This study aimed to estimate the relationship between adenoma size and NLR. Furthermore, we assessed whether a higher level of NLR is correlated with the presence of parathyroid carcinoma. A retrospective chart review was performed for patients with parathyroid adenoma who underwent parathyroidectomy between January 2012 and August 2014. Data related to age, sex, NLR, parathyroid hormone level (PTH), preoperative calcium, phosphorus, adenoma size, and pathology reports were collected. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was significantly correlated with calcium levels, PTH levels, parathyroid adenoma size, and the presence of cancer. However, there was no correlation between NLR and age, sex, and phosphorus levels. This study is the first to document a positive correlation between NLR and parathyroid adenoma size, as well as the presence of cancer, in patients who underwent surgery as a result of primary hyperparathyroidism.

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) belongs to the MAPK superfamily, phosphorylating serine and/or threonine residues of the target proteins. The activation of p38 MAPK leads to cell growth, differentiation, inflammation, survival or apoptosis. In this study, we tested the effect of two highly specific and potent inhibitors of p38 MAPK (namely, SB203580 and SB202190) on human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 to elucidate the controversial role of p38 MAPK on cell proliferation and/or cell migration/metastasis further. It was determined that the IC value of SB203580 was 85.1 µM, while that of SB202190 was 46.6 µM, suggesting that SB202190 is slightly more effective than SB203580. To verify the effect of each inhibitor on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity, the cells were treated with various doses of SB203580 and SB202190 and examined using iCELLigence system. No significant effect of 1 and 5 µM of both inhibitors were seen on cell proliferation as compared to the DMSO-treated control cells for up to 96 h. On the other hand, both SB203580 and SB202190 significantly prevented cell proliferation at a concentration of 50 µM. SB202190 was again more effective than SB203580. Afterwards, we tested the effect of each inhibitor on cell migration using wound assay. Both SB203580 and SB202190 significantly reduced cell migration in a time-dependent manner at a concentration of 50 µM. However, interestingly it was observed that a low and noncytotoxic dose of 5 µM of SB203580 and SB202190 also did cause significant cell migration inhibition at 48 h of the treatment, corroborating the fact that p38 MAPK pathway has a critical role in cell migration/metastasis. Then, we tested whether each p38 MAPK inhibitor has any effect on cell adhesion during a treatment period of 3 h using iCELLigence system. A concentration of only 50 µM of SB202190 reduced cell adhesion for about 1.5 h (p < 0.001); after that period of time, cell adhesion in 50 µM SB202190-treated cells returned to the level of the control cells. To determine the mechanism of growth and cell migration inhibitory effects of p38 MAPK inhibitors, the activation/inactivation of various proteins and enzymes was subsequently analyzed by PathScan Intracellular Signaling Array kit. The ERK1/2 phosphorylation level was not modified by low concentrations (1 or 5 µM) of SB202190 and SB203580; while a high concentration (50 µM) of both inhibitors caused significant reductions in the ERK1/2 phosphorylation. In addition, it was determined that both p38 MAPK inhibitors caused significant increases on the Ser15 phosphorylation of mutant p53 in MDA-MB-231 under these experimental conditions; while SB202190 was more potent than SB203580.