According to the authors' short-term results, three monthly IVB injections can be used for chronic DME regardless of VA, CMT, or FAZ dimensions, despite the FAZ enlargement encountered, especially in cases with milder DR.
The aim of this study was to determine the role of colour Doppler imaging in the retrobulbar vascular circulation in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Maximum (V(max)), end-diastolic (V(min)) and average (V(mean)) velocities of blood flows and pulsatility index and resistivity index (RI) in central retinal artery (CRA), short branches of posterior ciliary artery (PCA) and ophthalmic artery of the 65 diabetic and 22 control eyes were measured. The CRA V(max) level in the control group was significantly higher than in DR groups. The CRA V(mean) level was also significantly higher in the control group than in the mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and the moderate NPDR groups. The CRA RI value was significantly higher in the control group than in the nonretinopathy group. The CRA V(min) and the ophthalmic artery RI values were found significantly higher in the nonretinopathy group than in the moderate NPDR group. There were significant decreases in the some CRA and PCA values as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels increase in diabetic group. There was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and HbA1c levels. This study showed the presence of some dynamic circulatory alterations in the nonretinopathy group with diabetes and DR groups. It was also shown that there is a negative correlation between HbA1c and some orbital vascular velocities.
History and presentation:A case of a 3-year-old child with a right upper pulsatile eyelid swelling following a falling injury 3 months before is described. Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a fracture of the orbital roof, a basofrontal dural tear and a direct communication of the cystic cavity with the subarachnoid space. Treatment and outcome: The patient underwent dural repair for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and was discharged in good health.Posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid accumulation within the eyelid: a case report and review of the literature the case of the right globe because of the swelling, but visual acuity and extra-ocular motility were intact in the left eye. There was no obvious rhinorrhea or otorrhea.
The high levels of TIMP in diabetic patients might have a role on steroid-induced IOP rise. The key pathogenetic events that up-regulate TIMP levels should be investigated in steroid IOP rise in diabetics.
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