This is the first study to investigate the acute responses of cardiac biomarkers to a soccer game in adolescent male players. The postgame elevation of cardiac biomarkers and their rapid recovery are indicative of a physiological rather than a pathological response.

Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is one of the health problems of many tropical and subtropical regions and is endemic in many parts of Iran especially. Cutaneous leishmaniasis not only is a health problem but also is a social and cultural problem in Iran. Education about health for high risk population seems to have a critical role in prevention of leishmaniasis and therefore evaluation of knowledge, attitude and performance are of importance. For the success of prevention and control programs of any disease, the most important prerequisite is community participation. Program implementers need to understand the disease-related knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the community, because these are the important determinants of community participation. There are no data from Iran focusing on these aspects, and thus this study presents the information on KAP related to cutaneous leishmaniasis (C.L) in Iran. Methods In this study 166 mothers that had at least one child with CL were studied. Data collection was performed using questionnaires that were designed by epidemiologist and were analyzed using SPSS software. Results The mean of KAP score was 15.7 ± 1.6 (range of 11.5–19). 48 mothers (28.9%) had weak KAP, 79 mothers (47.6%) had average KAP and 39 mothers (23.5%) had excellent KAP. Conclusion According to our results, about 28.9% the mothers had inappropriate KAP score about leishmaniasis highlighting the fact that at least one third of the Isfahan population needs practical education about combating with leishamaniasis. To close the gap between the knowledge and practice of the mothers, face to face education and use of instructional aides are recommended.

There is a non-linear correlation between the tumour characteristics and their effects on the extracted features. In general, reliable estimation of tumour stiffness is obtained when the depth of tumour is small.

Background/Aims: To compare the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors between subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the first-degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study, conducted between 2004 and 2006 in 1,893 (1,412 females and 481 males) FDR of type 2 diabetic outpatients of the Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center. In all participants, blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference, serum lipids and HbA1c were measured and a standard 75-g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test was performed. The diagnosis of IGT, IFG and diabetes was made according to American Diabetes Association criteria. Results: Isolated IGT and isolated IFG, and both IFG and IGT were observed in 8.8%, 17.4% and 11.2% of subjects, respectively. In comparison to subjects with normal glucose levels and tolerance (control group): the mean waist circumference was significantly higher in both IFG and IGT groups; BMI, HDL-c and LDL-c in the IFG group; and triglycerides in the IGT group. The means of all studied CVD risk factors were significantly higher in the IGT+IFG group than the control group, except for blood pressure, HDL-c and HbA1c. No significant differences were found regarding CVD risk factors between IFG and IGT groups. Conclusions: The prevalence of IFG and IGT is high in FDR of type 2 diabetic patients. CVD risk factors are similar in these 2 groups and higher than in the control group. More attention should be paid to screening and treatment of this high-risk population.

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