This investigation aims to assess the mechanical behavior and energy absorption properties of the light sandwich panels made of open‐cell polymer and nickel/polymer foam. A portion of the ultralightweight foam sandwich panels (14.23 g) is produced by 3D printing and electrodeposition methods with 35, 45, and 55 seeds numbers, which lead to 4, 5, and 6 pores per inch (PPI); then a uniaxial compression test is applied to measure maximum compressive strength, strength‐to‐weight ratio, energy absorption density, efficiency, and complementary energy. The results indicate that compared with typical open‐cell nickel foams and polymer precursors when the thickness of the nickel layer is about 50 micrometers, the aforementioned properties of the sandwich panel shows a significant improvement. Improvement of properties changes by increasing PPI and CAD seed numbers. In a nickel/polymer sandwich panel with 6 PPI, the first maximum compressive strength, specific energy absorption, and energy absorption efficiency reach 0.93 (MPa), 0.93 (J.boldg−1), and 60%, respectively. 3D‐RP‐Ni‐6 improves 3D‐RP‐6 first maximum compressive strength and specific energy absorption by six times and two times, respectively. These significant improvements in the properties of these sandwich panels make these advanced materials a suitable candidate for the high strength applications.
Iran has 1,700km of coastline that borders the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea in the northwest Indian Ocean. Apart from a handful of records, almost nothing is known about which marine mammal species occur in Iranian waters. This review was conducted to fill this information gap. A total of 127 marine mammal records of 14 species were compiled from Iranian coastal waters. Ninety-nine were from the Persian Gulf, 26 from the Gulf of Oman and 2 were of unknown location. Records of finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) (25), Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) (24) and Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) (22) were by far the most numerous, a probable reflection of their inshore distribution and local abundance. Other species recorded were long-beaked common dolphin (Delphinus capensis tropicalis), roughtoothed dolphin (Steno bredanensis), striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba), spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris), Risso’s dolphin (Grampus griseus), false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and dugong (Dugong dugon). Records of 26 mysticetes were compiled, 10 of which were tentatively identified as Bryde’s whales (Balaenoptera edeni), 1 possible fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), 3 humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) and the remainder were not identified to species. The largest threat to small cetaceans in Iran is likely to be incidental capture in fishing gear. Nine finless porpoises were recorded as bycatch and this and other coastal species may be declining due to unsustainable mortality rates. Some of the world’s busiest shipping lanes pass through Iranian waters and ship strikes are likely to be the largest threat to mysticetes in the area.
The functionalization of poly (1-hexene) with maleic anhydride (MA) in the presence of benzoyl peroxide as initiator was investigated and the effect of reaction parameters such as initiator content, maleic anhydride concentrations, reaction temperature and reaction time were studied. Furthermore, changing the catalyst system from a commercial Ziegler-Natta (TiCl 4 /MgCl 2 /Internal donor) to α-diimine Nickel catalyst led to a higher degree of functionalization (DOF) thanks to higher unsaturation content of polymer chains made by the Nickel catalyst system. The obtained polymer moreover was contacted with polyethylene glycol methyl ether to ensure the attachment of the functionalizing agent on the poly (1-hexene) chains. Different analyses were used to support the observations. For instance, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) exhibited no weight loss at 210 °C for the sample confirming, the complete reaction of maleic anhydride, or FTIR analysis, where the presence of ester group bands was evidence for the reaction.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.