High uptakes of USPIO nanoparticles in the liver and spleen and their fast clearance from other tissues suggest that these nanoparticles labeled with a β-emitter radioisotope could be suitable as treatment agents for spleen and liver malignancies only if the organ tolerance dose is not exceeded.
In order to investigate the biological effects of exposure to low-dose radiation and to assess the dose-effect relationship in residents of high background radiation areas (HBRAs) of Ramsar, cytogenetic investigation of unstable-type aberrations was performed in 15 healthy elderly women in a HBRA of Ramsar, Talesh mahalle, and in 10 elderly women living in a nearby control area with normal background radiation. In total, 77,714 cells were analyzed; 48,819 cells in HBRA residents and 28,895 cells in controls. On average, 3,108 cells per subject were analyzed (range 1,475-5,007 cells). Significant differences were found in the frequency of dicentric plus centric rings in 100 cells (0.207 ± 0.103 vs. 0.047 ± 0.027, p < 0.0005), total chromosome-type aberrations per 100 cells (0.86 ± 0.44 vs. 0.23 ± 0.17, p < 0.0005), and chromatid-type aberrations per 100 cells (3.31 ± 2.01 vs. 1.66 ± 0.63, p = 0.01) by the Mann-Whitney U test between HBRA and the control, respectively. Using chromosomal aberrations as the main endpoint to assess the dose-effect relationship in residents of HBRAs in Ramsar, no positive correlation was found between the frequency of dicentric plus centric ring aberrations and the cumulative dose of the inhabitants estimated by direct individual dosimetry; however, obvious trends of increase with age appeared in the control group. Based on these results, individuals residing in HBRAs of Ramsar have an increased frequency of detectable abnormalities in unstable aberrations.
The aim of the data was to measure the absorbed dose of gamma radiation in order to estimate the excessive risk of cancer-induced gamma radiation during the lifetime of Bojnurd residents. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, gamma radiations in 30 places was measured in Bojnurd City during four seasons in 2015. A dosimeter was stacked on a tripod at 1 m from the ground for 50 minutes, and then, the absorbed dose of gamma radiation was recorded in the checklist. Ultimately, the effective dose and the excessive lifetime risk of cancer were determined. The mean ± SE of absorbed dose of gamma radiation in spring, summer, autumn, winter was 134.25 ± 1.45; 139.89 ± 1.64; 134.40 ± 1.25; 143.80 ± 1.73 nGy, respectively. The average annual effective dose by residents in open space was estimated at an average of 0.167 mSv. Also, the excessive risk of cancer-induced gamma radiation was equal to 0.67 × 10−3. The annual effective dose and the excessive risk of cancer-induced gamma radiation during the lifetime of Bojnurd residents are higher than the global average.
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