All the results on sources, negative effects, feelings and coping methods on verbally and physically abusive behaviours lead us to discuss that lower working status and power of the nurses at the work, poor working conditions in healthcare settings and insufficient administrative mechanisms as well as law and regulations against the abusers are the important factors forcing the nurses to work in an inappropriate work environment in Turkey.

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Background:Changing eating behaviors might trigger obesity, deficiency, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and reactive eating disorders.Objectives:This study aimed to determine eating attitudes of nursing students in the western Black-Sea region of Turkey as well as to examine the effects of demographic features, self-esteem, body image, income level, and family structure on their eating attitudes.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted on 310 nursing students between January and February 2014. Data were collected using the personal information form, Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Beck Depression Scale (BDS), Body-Cathexis Scale (BCS), and Body Mass Index (BMI). Data were evaluated by descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson correlation analysis.Results:About 30.0% of Turkish nursing students had negative eating attitudes. There was a significant positive correlation between the BDS and EAT scores (P < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between RSES scores and EAT scores of nursing students (P < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was found between the father’s occupation (P < 0.05) and mother’s working condition (P < 0.05), and the students’ eating attitudes.Conclusions:Psychological status, self-esteem, economic level, and place of residence of nursing students may be the potential factors for eating disorders.

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Background Intensive care nurses play an important role in the management of critically ill patients including identification of cardiac arrhythmias. Interventions to improve arrhythmia identification can be expensive, time‐consuming, and are not always successful. Aims This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of using short message service (SMS) messaging to improve intensive care nurses' cardiac arrhythmia interpretation skills. Design This study was a prospective, two‐group, assessor‐blinded, randomized controlled trial with a pretest‐posttest experimental design. Methods The study was conducted from February 2020 to February 2021 for the intervention as well as the control group, in a teaching hospital in northwest Turkey. The intervention group was sent the one‐way SMS messages on cardiac arrhythmias via WhatsApp during an 8‐week period, whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. The Cardiac arrhythmias assessment questionnaire (CAAQ) was used to measure outcomes. The data were analysed using ANCOVA and an independent t‐test. Results A total of 66 intensive care nurses were randomly assigned to either the intervention or the control group. The ANCOVA analysis indicated that ICU nurses who received SMS messages about cardiac arrhythmias two times a week had significantly increased CAAQ scores (P < 0.001) with a large effect size (partial eta‐squared = 0.588). Conclusion This study concluded that using SMS messages as a training tool has a positive influence on cardiac arrhythmias interpretation skills among ICU nurses. Relevance to clinical practice Using SMS messages could be an alternative, effective, and innovative approach to improve nurses' clinical practice skills.

SummaryThis study was conducted to determine the effects of the use of ergonomic sleep mask on sleep quality and comfort in intensive care patients. This randomised controlled experimental study was completed with 128 surgical intensive care patients (control = 64, experimental = 64). During the second night of their stay in the unit, ergonomic sleep masks were given to the patients in the experimental group, and earplugs and eye masks were given to the patients in the control group. A Patient information form, Visual analogue scale for discomfort, and the Richard‐Campbell sleep questionnaire were used to collect data. While 51.6% of the patients were female, the mean age of the patients was 63.87 ± 14.94 years. The highest rates of patients had undergone cardiovascular surgery (28.9%) and general anaesthesia (57.8%). It was determined that the sleep quality of the patients in the experimental group was statistically and clinically significantly higher after the intervention (50.86 ± 21.46 vs 37.64 ± 14.97, t = −5.355, Cohen's d = 0.450, p < 0.001). Likewise, the patients who used ergonomic sleep masks had a statistically significantly lower mean VAS for Discomfort score, and their comfort level was higher (p < 0.001), but the difference was not clinically significant (Cohen's d = 0.208). The results of this study showed that the use of ergonomic sleep masks in surgical intensive care patients had a more positive effect on both the sleep quality and comfort levels of patients compared with earplugs and eye masks. The use of an ergonomic sleep mask is recommended in the early period to facilitate sleep and rest in surgical intensive care patients.

Y aşlılık; kompleks zihinsel aktiviteler olarak tanımlanan bilişsel yeteneklerin azalmaya başladığı, fiziksel fonksiyonların düştüğü ve normal yaşam süresinin son evresine geçiş sürecidir. Bu süreçte yaşlıların teknolojik ilerlemelere bağlı olarak değişik sağlık sorunları nedeniyle cerrahi girişim deneyimleme sıklıkları artmaktadır (1,2). Cerrahi girişim geçiren yaşlı hastalarda erken ameliyat sonrası dönemde gelişebilecek komplikasyonlar diğer yaş gruplarındaki hastalar ile benzer olmakla birlikte, yaşlıların bilişsel değişiklikleri deneyimleme oranı daha fazladır (2,3). Bu oranın majör cerrahi girişim geçiren hastalarda %20-90 arasında değiştiği bildirilmektedir. Bilişsel fonksiyon değişiklikleri yaşlı hastalarda ameliyat sonrası çeşitli komplikasyonların ve hastanede kalış süresinin artışında doğrudan ilişkili olan önemli bir sağlık problemidir (3-5). Araştırmalar / Researches ÖZET Cerrahi girişim geçiren yaşlı hastalarda bilişsel fonksiyon bozukluğunun değerlendirilmesi Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı cerrahi girişim geçiren yaşlı hastalarda bilişsel fonksiyon bozukluğunun görülme sıklığını ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, ileriye dönük tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı çalışma olarak dizayn edildi. 36 hasta ile ameliyat öncesi, ameliyat sonrası 1. gün ve 3. günde görüşme yapıldı. Veriler, Kişisel Bilgi Formu, cerrahi girişim sonrası 1. ve 3. günündeki bilişsel değişiklikleri değerlendiren Mini Mental Durum Testi ve hasta bilgi dosyası kullanılarak toplandı. Bulgular: Ameliyat öncesi dönemde hastaların %91.6'sının bilişsel fonksiyonları normaldi. Ameliyat sonrası 1. günde hastaların %47.2'sinin, ameliyat sonrası 3. günde %33.4'ünün bilişsel fonksiyonları bozulmuştu. Genel anestezi alan hastaların bilişsel fonksiyonlarda ameliyat sonrası 1. günde anlamlı şekilde bozulma mevcuttu (p=0.04). Yaş artışı ile bilişsel fonksiyon bozukluğu arasında anlamlı ilişki vardı (p=0.00). Kadınların ameliyat sonrası bilişsel fonksiyonlarında anlamlı değişiklikler gözlendi (p=0.00). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, yaşlı hastaların ameliyat sonrası bilişsel fonksiyonlarında anlamlı bozulma olduğunu gösterdi.

Objectives To determine the effect of endotracheal aspiration at different head heights on oxygenation brain by non‐invasive method in neurosurgery intensive care patients. Background Head elevation of mechanical ventilator‐dependent neurosurgery patients and the possible risks of endotracheal aspiration are closely related to the clinical conditions of the patients. Design A prospective quasi‐experimental study with repetitive measurements in a single group. Methods In the study, neurosurgery intensive care patients were adjusted to a head height of 15, 30 and 45° (n = 46, power analysis %90). Cerebral oxygenation levels were determined with a non‐invasive device at each head height before and in the 1st, 5th and 30th min of endotracheal aspiration. Data were collected with Patient Information Form and cerebral oxygenation device based on NIRS technology. This study performed according to the TREND reporting guidelines for non‐randomized/quasi experimental study. Results The highest cerebral oxygenation value was obtained at 30 min. The decrease in the cerebral oxygenation levels of the patients was highest in the 1st min after endotracheal aspiration, at a head height of 15 degrees for the right cerebral region and at a head height of 30 degrees for the left cerebral region. The increase in oxygenation of the right and left cerebral regions occurred highest at a head height of 45 degrees. Conclusions The ideal head height should be 45 degrees during and after endotracheal aspiration in regard to maintaining cerebral oxygenation in neurosurgery intensive care patients. It is extremely important to monitor the cerebral oxygenation status of patients, with non‐invasive measurement tools during and after endotracheal aspiration, to prevent secondary complications. Relevance to clinical practice This study reveals the importance of raising the head 45 degrees in the best preservation of cerebral oxygenation values in neurosurgery intensive care patients. Intensive care nurses should pay attention to maintaining this head height.