18KHAMID KARIMOV, SEVARA AZIMOVA, BAKHTIYOR IRISKULOV Viral hepatitis B and C is a relevant issue because of high prevalence and degree of chronicity, late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Today, protein products of numerous genes are involved in the pathogenesis of viral pathology of the liver. In this review, the authors analysed 42 literature sources on genetic basis of susceptibility to various infectious diseases. Study of the role of immunogenetic factors is of great practical importance to develop methods for predicting outcomes of viral hepatitis.
The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of genotypic variants of TNF-α and CTLA-4 genes in patients with chronic hepatitis C and liver cirrhosis and their effect on the course of the disease. The analysis of the effect of TNF-α gene genotypes on the course of the disease indicates an increased risk of CVHC development with both moderate and highly active course of the disease in carriers of the G / A + A / A genotype combination. The data obtained allow us to conclude that the carriage of the “G” allele and the combination of genotypes A / G + G / G of the –A49G polymorphism of the CTLA-4 gene are associated not only with a decrease in the risk of CVHC development, but also with a lower intensity of inflammation and fibro-formation in the liver and a high probability of favorable course of the disease.
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