Mean platelet volume (MPV), which is used to measure platelet size, can reflect platelet activity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between MPV and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) according to glucose tolerance (GT) status in a general population. We retrospectively studied 3098 Korean adults who underwent voluntary regular health check-ups at the Health Promotion Center of our hospital from January 2009 to December 2011. MPV was analysed within 2 hours of blood collection. A multiple linear regression analysis indicated that MPV had a significant negative correlation with FPG when the confounding variables of normal glucose tolerance (β ± SE, -0.112 ± 0.033, R(2), 0.109, men; -0.102 ± 0.034, 0.132, women) and intermediate hyperglycemia (-0.072 ± 0.027, 0.130, men; -0.111 ± 0.035, 0.100, women) were adjusted for. However, MPV had a significant positive relationship with FPG after adjusting for diabetes in women as a confounding factor (0.097 ± 0.037, 0.442). We observed a contrasting relationship between MPV and FPG in the presence and absence of diabetes. This result suggests that the positive relationship between an increased glucose level and increased MPV is a unique phenomenon of diabetes itself. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a different relationship between MPV and FPG according to glucose tolerance status in a general population.
An enzyme β-galactosidase or β-galactohydrolase [EC3.2.1.23], commonly called lactase, mediates galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) synthesis under conditions of high substrate concentrations. Also, lactase hydrolyzes β(1→4) lactose into glucose and galactose, the latter is successively transferred to free lactose to make various oligosaccharides via transgalactosylation. GOS is non-digestible to human digestive enzymes and has been used as a functional prebiotics. Among the 24 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains used, Lactobacillus paracasei YSM0308 was selected based on its exhibition of the highest β-galactoside hydrolysis activity, and the crude lactase was prepared for examination of reaction conditions to affect the GOS synthesis. Lactase activity was measured with a spectrophotometer using ONPG (o-nitropheyl β-D-galactopyranoside) method. Lactase activity was not detected in the culture supernatant and was mostly present in the cell pellet after centrifugation. Activity of the crude lactase preparation ranges from102 to 1,053 units/mL, with the highest activity determined for L. paracasei YSM0308. Optimal conditions for GOS synthesis are as follows: concentration of whey powder, pH, temperature, and time were 30%, pH 6.5-7.0, 30 o C, and 4 h, respectively. The final GOS concentration was 19.41% (w/v) by the crude YSM0308 lactase, which was obtained from strain YSM0308 grown in the 10% (w/v) reconstituted whey-based medium.
Purpose: To report a case of retinal detachment surgery in a patient with oculocutaneous albinism. Case summary: A 44-year-old man visited our clinic complaining of decreased visual acuity in his left eye.His best corrected visual acuity was hand movement in his left eye, and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment involving the macula at the superior temporal site was found. We performed pars plana vitrectomy and attempted to reattach the retina using endolaser photocoagulation; however, the laser burn was not made, and we failed to reattach the retina. At that point, we carried out cryopexy around the retinal tear, and injected silicone oil into the vitreous cavity. Ten months after surgery, his best corrected visual acuity was 0.06, and there was no recurrent retinal detachment or proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
Conclusions:In patients with albinism with melanin deficiency, cryopexy is more useful than laser photocoagulation for retinal detachment surgery.
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