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Enhancement soybean production is needed to fulfill its high demand in Indonesia by utilizing the widespread potential land, such as Alfisols. Zeolite and manure addition used to overcome the nutrient availability in Alfisols and decrease the use of inorganic fertilizer. This study was conducted in field condition in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replicates in an Alfisols aimed to assess the effect of applying three rates of zeolites (Z0: 0 t.ha−1, Z1: 2.5 t.ha−1 and Z2: 5 t.ha−1) and three types of 5 t.ha−1 manures (P0: 0 No Manure, P1: quail manure (5 t.ha−1), P2: cattle manure (5 t.ha−1)) on K availability, its uptake, number of pods and seed weight/plot on soybean [Glycine max. (L) Merrill]. Zeolites showed a significant result of potassium availability at the rate 5 t.ha−1. The similar result is given by cattle manure for potassium uptake in soybean. An interaction between zeolites at the rate 5 t.ha−1 and cattle manure showed the significant result on a number of pods.plant−1, 100-seeds weight and seed yield.

:Water management is one of the keys to success in increasing rice production in paddy fields.Paddy rice production will decrease if the rice plants suffer from water stress, and conversely conventional cultivation is very wasteful of water. Local aromatic varieties have deeper rooting character than improved varieties making it more efficient in using water. The purpose of this study was to obtain more efficient and more productive aromatic local varieties in the use of irrigation water in the SRI organic cultivation system. This research was conducted in organic rice fields in Kebonagung village, Imogiri, Bantul with split plot design of 2 factors with 4 replications. Factor I: The mode of irrigation consists of (a) intermittent irrigation, and (b) continuous irrigation and Factor II: varieties consisting of (a) Mentikwangi, (b) Gabusan, (c) Sintanur and (d) IR64. The observation parameters included (1) root characters i.e. surface area of root, total length of root, and dry weight of root, (2) plant growth analysis i.e. specific leaf weight, net assimilation rate, plant growth rate, (3) and yield components i.e. weight 1000 grains, grain weight per hill, and grain weight per plot. The results showed that intermittent irrigation increased the surface area of root and the dry weight of root of Mentikwangi variety, and increased the specific leaf weight and weight of 1000 grains of IR64 variety, and increased the specific leaf weight and the net assimilation rate of Sintanur variety. Grain weight per hill and per plot showed no difference between intermittent irrigation and continuous irrigation. Grain weight per hill and per plot in intermittent irrigation achieved by Gabusan variety were 35.69 g and 14.28 kg respectively, while in continuous irrigation the grain weight achieved by Gabusan variety were 37.69 g and 15.08 kg respectively. In conclusion, there was no difference in yield between intermittent irrigation and continuous irrigation, so that the use of intermittent irrigation is more efficient in water use. Keywords : lowland rice, organic cultivation. root, SRI, water managementTo cite this article: Aziez, A.F., Hanudin, E. and Harieni, S. 2018. Impact of water management on root morphology, growth and yield component varieties of lowland rice under the organic system of rice intensification. J. Degrade. Min. Land Manage. 5(2):

Soybean (Glycine max) contains nutritional components such as high protein which support health needs and improve the quality of life. However, to achieve this standard, soybean productivity needs to be increased. Manure, rock phosphate, and dolomite are potential alternatives in improving soybean production. This study aims to examine phosphorus and calcium availability as Influenced by manure, rock phosphate, and dolomite to increase soybean yield. The experiment consisted of six treatments groups with four replications using a completely randomized block design. Furthermore, the groups include T0 (Control), T1 (5 t ha− 1 manure + 2.5 t ha−1 rock phosphate), T2 (5 t ha−1 manure + 5 t ha−1 rock phosphate), T3 (5 t ha− 1 + 2.5 t ha−1 dolomite), T4 (5 t ha−1 manure + 5 t ha−1 dolomite), and T5 (5 t ha−1 manure + 5 t ha− 1 rock phosphate + 5 t ha−1 dolomite). The results showed that phosphorus and calcium availability were significantly influenced by manure, rock phosphate, dolomite, and simultaneously increase soybean yield. Also, the best number of filled pods, 100-seed weight and yield were obtained with the application of 5 t ha−1 manure + 5 t ha−1 rock phosphate + 5 t ha−1 dolomite (20 pods plot−1, 0.62 g, and 260.89 g plot−1 respectively). Therefore, based on the results, phosphorus and calcium obtained from manure, rock phosphate and dolomite potentially increase soybean yield.

Kebutuhan kedelai tahun 2015 sebanyak 963,10 ribu ton biji kering. Meningkat sebanyak 8,10 ribu ton ( 0,85 persen ) dibandingkan tahun 2014. Peningkatan produksi tersebut terjadi di luar Pulau Jawa sebanyak 30,41 ribu ton, sementara di Pulau Jawa terjadi penurunan produksi sebanyak 22,31 ribu ton. Peningkatan produksi kedelai terjadi karena kenaikan produktivitas sebesar 0,18 kuintal/hektar ( 1,16 persen ) meskipun luas panen mengalami penurunan seluas 1,80 ribu hektar ( 0,29 persen ). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kedelai, untuk mengetahui pengaruh varietas tanaman kedelai terhadap dosis pupuk kandang kambing dan untuk mengetahui interaksi antara dosis pupuk kandang kambing dengan varietas tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Teguhan Kecamatan Karangmalang Kabupaten Sragen, dengan ketinggian tempat 86 dpl dengan jenis tanah grumusol. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Lengkap yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama dosis pupuk kandang kambing dan faktor kedua varietas tanaman kedelai dan diulang 3 kali. Adapun faktor penelitian dimaksud sebagai berikut : 1) Faktor I, Dosis pupuk kandang kambing (K) yaitu K0 : 0 kg/ha (kontrol), K1 : 10 ton/ha, K2 : 20 ton/ha, K3 : 30 ton/ha, 2) Faktor II, Macam Varietas Kedelai (V) yaitu V1 : Grobogan, V2 : Burangrang, V3 : Baluran. Setiap perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 1) Perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang kambing pada semua parameter dengan penggunaan dosis 10 ton/ha menunjukkan rata-rata hasil yang berbeda dengan hasil yang lebih banyak dibandingkan parameter lainnya, Perlakuan macam varietas menunjukkan bahwa varietas baluran merupakan varietas dengan hasil yang terbaik dibandingkan kedua varietas lainnya pada semua parameter penelitian, 2) interaksi antara dosis pupuk kandang dan macam varietas kedelai pada semua parameter penelitian menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata. 3) Untuk hasil kedelai pada berat biji per petak tertinggi pada perlakuan varietas Baluran yaitu 299,5 g ( 2,11 ton/ha ) dan terendah pada perlakuan verietas Grobogan yaitu 206 g ( 1,39 ton/ha ).

The reality in the field shows that not all lowland rice varieties which include local varieties, old superior varieties, new superior varieties and new types of varieties are suitable for organic cultivation because each group of varieties has different physiological characters. This research was carried out with the aim of determining the suitable lowland rice varieties for organic cultivation based on physiological characters.               The research was carried out through pot experiments to determine the suitability of lowland rice varieties including local varieties, old varieties, new varieties, and new types of superior varieties in organic cultivation based on their physiological characteristics. with an altitude of 113 m above sea level with inceptisol soil types and tropical climate.               The results showed that organic cultivation did not reduce root permeability to N uptake except for Cisedane variety. Organic cultivation lowered the KPK for the roots of the IR64, Cianjur and Mentikwangi varieties, but increased the KPK for the roots of the Pandanwangi and Cisedane varieties. The uptake rate of N, P, and K roots in organic cultivation was not different from conventional cultivation. The uptake of N roots in organic cultivation was lower than conventional cultivation. The uptake of N, P, and K by roots between varieties was not different. Organic cultivation reduced the uptake of N stems of varieties IR64, Mentikwangi and Cisedane. Among the varieties tested, there was no difference in N uptake in conventional or organic cultivation. Organic cultivation reduced the P uptake of stems of IR64 and Mentikwangi varieties, Organic cultivation decreased total N uptake of Mentikwangi varieties. In conventional and organic cultivation, the plant N uptake of all tested rice varieties was no different.

Heavy metals contaminants in land agriculture are environmental problems and to reduce the food safety, so that too needed for the research of Pb, Cd and Cu decrease absorption by plants using organic chelating agent i.e. substance of humus (humic and fulvic acid) in there manure. The research was done with completely block design, in Gagaksipat, Ngemplak, Boyolali; heavy metal analysis in manure, land and seeds use atomic absorption spectrophotometer-flame (AAS Jena Contr AA 300 German). It was aimed to identify contaminants of  Pb, Cd, and Cu in sweet corn and soybean seeds. The research treatment were doses of cow manure: 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 kg per hectare. The results showed that's enrichment coefficient (EC) Pb and Cu in sweet corn seeds had low accumulator plants categories, whereas the EC plumbum soybean seeds had low accumulator plants categories, whereas the EC copper soybean seeds had moderately accumulator plants categories, and EC cadmium in the sweet corn and soybeans seeds were undetectable. Exposure of Pb and Cd in corn sweet and soybean seeds were undetectable, while of Cu in sweet corn and soybean seeds 2.03 and 12.39 ppm respectively. Contaminant of Pb, Cd and Cu exposure in land sweet corn post-harvested were 30.99; undetectable and 60.58 ppm respectively. While Pb, Cd and Cu exposure in land soybean post harvested were 33.24; undetectable and 56.26 ppm respectively.

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