ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of a set of risk factors for non-transmissible chronic diseases and compare it to that found 15-16 years ago in a similar survey. Methods A cross-sectional household survey was carried out comprising a random sample of people aged 15-59 years in the city of São Paulo between 2001 and 2002. The total of 2,103 people answered a questionnaire and had their blood pressure, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences measured. For a third of these participants, their total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels were determined. ResultsThe total age-adjusted prevalences in the study age group were as follows: smoking, 22.6%; uncontrolled blood pressure, 24.3%; obesity, 13.7%; increased waist circumference, 19.7%; total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL, 8.1%; HDL-cholesterol <40 mg/ dL, 27.1%; triglycerides ≥200 mg/dL, 14.4%; and blood glucose ≥110 mg/dL, 6.8%. Smoking, uncontrolled blood pressure, high total cholesterol, low HDL-cholesterol and high triglycerides were significantly more prevalent in men than women. ConclusionsThe prevalences of a set of risk factors for chronic diseases showed men to have a poorer condition than women. In comparison to the previous survey, the prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure remained unchanged but the prevalence of smoking has significantly lowered. methodology, most of them were conducted separately and at different points in time (Volta Redonda, 7 1979-1980 Fortaleza, 19 1985; Araraquara, 10 1987; Piracicaba, 1 1988; Cotia, 15 1990 Cotia, 15 -1991 Ilha do Governador, 8 1991-1992 Pelotas, 6,17 1992 and Passo Fundo, 21 1995; Catanduva, 4 1998), making it difficult to identify geographical differences and temporal changes. Few exceptions are the studies on diabetes in Brazilian capitals 13 and on obesity trends in urban and rural areas. 16 Porto Alegre is perhaps the only Brazilian city where the prevalence of hypertension was measured at two points in time, in the 70's and in the 90's. were later excluded because they were found to be pregnant or puerperal women.The final sample was then composed of 2,103 people who answered a questionnaire applied by trained nurse interviewers, and had their blood pressure, weight, height, waist and hip circumferences measured twice. Most (70.9%) interviews were performed on weekends (42.7% on Saturdays and 28.2% on Sundays), and 29.1% were equally distributed on the other five weekdays. A 10% randomly selected subsample of interviews had their integrity checked by telephone, and showed no discrepancies.About a third of participants (759), randomly selected, answered a quantitative nutrition questionnaire and 700 had a fasting venous blood sample collected at home; as 59 (7.8%) refused to have their blood drawn. In order to minimize the interference of overeating on weekends, blood collection was not carried out on Sundays and was avoided on Mondays. Blood samples were processed for determinations of plasma glucose and serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and trig...
RESUMO: -Aborda-se o ta bagismo em alunos de 1'? e 2'? graus de escolas do Mu nicfpio de Amparo-SP com objetivo de conhece r a prevalência de fumantes entre os mesmos, detecta r a percepção desses escolares em rel ação ao hábito de fumar, após pa rticipação na Campanha de Combate ao Tabagismo da região de Amparo. Focali zou -se questões referentes à prevalência, consumo, hábitos familiares e escolares em relação ao fumo, e o nlvel de conscientização atingido pela Campanha. Analisou-se a interrelação dessas va riáveis, de compreender melhor o grupo estudado, obtendo-se melhores subsldios para da r continuidade, nesse trabalho, junto aos escolares da re gião pesquisada.ABSTRACT -8roach Tabagism among "1 '? e 2'? graus" stu dents from Ampa ro District Schools state of São Paulo, aiming to know smokers prevailling among them, and to determine the perception of their about tobacco habit afte r pa rticipation in a Campain against Tabagism in Amparo's Region. We drew attention to problems like prevailling, wast, familiary and school habits about tobacco, so like co nscious levei reached through the Campain. It was analysed the co nectting of these variables, pu rposing to a better understanding of the group studied, obtaining better allowa nce to continue this work among students in Am pa ro's Region. INTRODUÇÃOEsse trabalho se iniciou quando se sentiu a neces sidade de um levantamento diagn6stico da situação do tabagismo na Região de Amparo-SP. Pretendeu-se estudar a prevalência de um grupo prioritário, tendo em vista a enorme dificuldade de trabalhar com o uni verso da população amparense.Pelo fato dessa mesma região estar desenvolven do uma Campanha de Combate ao Tabagismo há mais de um ano, com o apoio do Ministério da Saúde, através do Programa Nacional de Combate ao Fumo e da Secretaria Estadual de Saúde, tendo essa mesma Campanha escolhido como grupos prioritários os es colares e as gestantes; considerando ainda que os es colares correspondem à faixa etária onde esse hábito se inicia e onde mais facilmente pode ser abandonado, e que a região já estava fazendo um levantamento da prevalência de gestantes fumantes; optou-se por um estudo de Tabagismo em escolares de I'? e 29 graus de escolas públicas e particulares no Município de Ampa ro-SP.Sabe-se que a dimensão do problema "Tabagis mo" é de grande complexidade pois ele envolve aspec tos culturais, políticos, sócio-econômicos, ecol6gicos e principalmente de saúde.O hábito de fumar constitui nos dias de hoje, a maior causa isolada e evitável de doença e morte no mundo ocidental 1. Existe no mundo em torno de um bilhão de fumantes, dos quais dois e meio milhões morrem anualmente por doenças tabaco-associadas, compreendendo assim 5% da mortalidade geral mun dial. No Brasil, cem mil vidas são perdidas prematu ramente devido ao uso do fumo, sendo que um em ca da dois brasileiros com idade entre 15 e 60 anos, fuma diariamente, somando juntos, 33 milhões de fuman tes2• O cigarro representa o maior multit6xico que o homem introduz voluntariamente no seu organismo (cerca ...
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