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Os escarabeíneos são popularmente conhecidos no Brasil como "rola-bostas", devido ao fato de alguns de seus representantes prepararem bola de excremento que é rolada até o local de consumo ou armazenamento, sendo essa uma característica peculiar do grupo (Halffter & Matthews 1966; Halffter & Favila 1993). Os adultos e as larvas desta subfamília são detritívoros e utilizam principalmente fezes, carcaças e frutos em decomposição para alimentação, desempenhando assim uma importante função na dinâmica de nutrientes em diferentes tipos de ecossistemas (Hanski & Cambefort 1991; Halffter & Matthews 1966). A reprodução e a alimentação estão Comunidade de escarabeíneos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) copro-necrófagos da região de Brejo Novo,

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Abstract.  The elateroid family Cerophytidae, originally based on Cerophytum Latreille, is characterized and revised. Detailed morphological studies of adults and a cladistic analysis permitted the recognition of three well‐defined lineages: one in the Holarctic Region, and the other two in the Neotropical Region, each one distributed from southern Mexico to South America. The resulting cladogram for these genera is ((Cerophytum) (Brachycerophytum, Phytocerum)). Cerophytum includes four species: C. elateroides (Latreille) (type species, southern and central Europe), C. convexicolle (LeConte) (western U.S.A.), C. japonicum Sasaji (Japan) and C. pulsator (Haldeman) (eastern U.S.A.). Brachycerophytum gen.n. contains two Neotropical species: B. fuscicorne (Bonvouloir) comb.n. (type species, Mexico to Colombia) and B. sinchona sp.n. (Peru and Bolivia). Phytocerum gen.n. includes fifteen species: P. golbachi sp.n. (type species, Argentina), P. alleni sp.n. (Costa Rica, Nicaragua), P. belloi sp.n. (Brazil), P. birai sp.n. (Brazil), P. boliviense (Golbach) comb.n. (Bolivia), P. burakowskii sp.n. (Trinidad), P. cayennense (Bonvouloir) comb.n. (Mexico, French Guyana, Brazil), P. distinguendum (Soares & Peracchi) comb.n. (Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina), P. serraticorne sp.n. (Guatemala), P. golbachi sp.n. (Argentina), P. ingens sp.n. (Brazil), P. inpa sp.n. (Brazil), P. minutum (Golbach) comb.n. (Argentina), P. simonkai sp.n. (Trinidad), P. trinidadense (Golbach) comb.n. (Trinidad) and P. zikani (Soares & Peracchi) comb.n. (Brazil). Diagnoses for the genera, redescriptions and descriptions for the species, as well as keys to genera and species, are provided. The larva of C. elateroides is redescribed.

The present study had as objective determine the diversity and abundance of adults Carabidae and Staphylinidae in two areas, constituted by forest fragment and soybean/corn crops under conventional tillage and no-tillage systems and to analyze the distribution and preference of those beetles for the habitat. The beetles were sampled with 48 pitfall traps. In both experimental areas, two parallel transects of pitfall traps were installed. Each transect had 100 m in the crop and 100 m in the forest fragment. Four traps were close to each other (1 m) in the edge between the crop and the forest fragment, the other traps were installed each 10 m. The obtained data were submitted to the faunistic analysis and the preference of the species by habitat was obtained by cluster analysis. The results demonstrated that the type of crop system (conventional tillage or no-tillage) might have influenced the diversity of species of Carabidae and Staphylinidae. The cluster analysis evidenced that the carabids may prefer a specific habitat. In the present study, the distribution of carabids and staphylinids in the three habitats showed that these beetles have potential to be dispersed at great distances inside the crop.Key words: ground beetles, rove beetles, no-tillage systems, forest fragment, edge.Diversidade e preferência de habitat de Carabidae e Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) em dois agroecossistemas ResumoEste estudo teve como objetivo determinar a diversidade e abundância de adultos de Carabidae e Staphylinidae em duas áreas, constituídas por fragmentos florestais e culturas de soja/milho sob sistemas de plantio convencional e direto, e analisar a distribuição e a preferência desses insetos para o habitat. Os besouros foram amostrados com o uso de 48 armadilhas de solo do tipo Pitfall. Em ambas as áreas experimentais, foram instalados dois transectos paralelos de armadilhas; cada transecto teve 100 m na culturas e 100 m no fragmento florestal. Na borda entre a cultura e o fragmento de floresta foram instaladas quatro armadilhas, que ficaram distantes entre si por 1 m e as outras armadilhas, a cada 10 m. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise faunística e a preferência das espécies para o habitat foi obtida pela análise cluster. Pelos resultados, observa-se que o tipo de sistema de cultivo (convencional ou plantio direto) pode ter influenciado a diversidade de espécies de Carabidae e Staphylinidae. A análise de cluster evidenciou que os carabídeos tiveram preferência por um habitat específico. Neste estudo, a distribuição de carabídeos e estafilinídeos nos três habitats mostraram que estes besouros têm potencial para se dispersarem em grandes distâncias no interior da cultura.Palavras-chave: Carabídeos, estafilinídeos, sistemas de plantio direto, fragmento florestal, borda.

Dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) in three landscapes in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Dung Beetles are important for biological control of intestinal worms and dipterans of economic importance to cattle, because they feed and breed in dung, killing parasites inside it. They are also very useful as bioindicators of species diversity in agricultural or natural environments. The aims of this paper were to study the species richness, and abundance of dung beetles, helping to answer the question: are there differences in the patterns of dung beetle diversity in three environments (pasture, agriculture and forest) in the municipality of Dourados, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. A total of 105 samplings were carried out weekly, from November 2005 to November 2007, using three pitfall traps in each environment. The traps were baited with fresh bovine dung, and 44,355 adult dung beetles from 54 species were captured: two from Hyborosidae and 52 from Scarabaeidae. Five species were constant, very abundant and dominant on the pasture, two in the agricultural environment, and two in the environment of Semideciduous forest. Most of the species were characterised as accessories, common and not-dominant. The species with higher abundance was Ataenius platensis Blanchard, 1844. The indexes of Shannon-Wiener diversity were: 2.90 in the pasture, 2.84 in the agricultural environment and 2.66 in the area of native forest. The medium positive presence of dung beetles in the traps in each environment were: 36.88, 42.73 and 20.18 individuals per trap, in the pasture, agricultural environment and in the native forest, respectively. The pasture environment presented a higher diversity index. The species diversity of dung beetles was superior where there was higher abundance and regularity of resource (bovine dung).Keywords: biodiversity, Coleoptera, Hybosoridae, Scarabaeidae, population ecology. Besouros coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) em três paisagens de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil ResumoColeópteros coprófagos são importantes (especialmente Scarabaeidae) para controle biológico de vermes gastrointestinais e de dípteros; dessa forma, são de importância econômica para a pecuária, pois esses besouros utilizam excrementos como alimento e sítio para reprodução. Eles são também de grande utilidade como bioindicadores da diversidade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a riqueza em espécies e a abundância de besouros coprófagos, além de verificar se estes atributos são diferentes nos três ambientes (pastagem, agricultura e mata), no município de Dourados-MS. Palavras-chave: biodiversidade, Coleoptera, Hybosoridae, Scarabaeidae, ecologia populacional.