The combination of computational methods with 3D printing allows for the control of scaffolds microstructure. Lately, triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have been used to design porosity-controlled scaffolds for bone tissue engineering (TE). The goal of this work was to assess the mechanical properties of TPMS Gyroid structures with two porosity levels (50 and 70%). The scaffold stiffness function of porosity was determined by the asymptotic homogenisation method and confirmed by mechanical testing. Additionally, microCT analysis confirmed the quality of the printed parts. Thus, the potential of both design and manufacturing processes for bone TE applications is here demonstrated.
Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) transfer is a well-established treatment option in failed Achilles tendon (AT) repair and has been routinely performed as an open procedure. We detail the surgical steps needed to perform an arthroscopic transfer of the FHL for a chronic AT rupture. The FHL tendon is harvested as it enters in its tunnel beneath the sustentaculum tali; a tunnel is then drilled in the calcaneus as near to the AT footprint as possible. By use of a suture-passing device, the free end of the FHL is advanced to the plantar aspect of the foot. After adequate tension is applied to the construct, the tendon is fixed in place with an interference screw in an inside-out fashion. This minimally invasive approach is a safe and valid alternative to classic open procedures with the obvious advantages of preserving the soft-tissue envelope and using a biologically intact tendon.T he incidence rates of Achilles tendon (AT) rerupture after primary surgical repair vary widely in the literature.1,2 Several treatment options exist, such as V-Y advancement and the Bosworth turn-down repair.3 Other surgical techniques use tendon transfers of the peroneus brevis, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus (FHL). The use of an FHL transfer has been proposed 4,5 because it is a stronger plantar flexor, its axis of contractile force more closely reproduces that of the AT, it fires in phase with the gastrocnemius-soleus complex, and its anatomic proximity avoids iatrogenic lesions of the neurovascular bundle. Another benefit of FHL transfer is plantar flexion strength reinforcement, which is almost always compromised with fascial advancement alone. 6Regarding vascularization of the AT, the FHL muscle belly extends distally into the avascular zone of the AT and allows recruitment of an increased blood supply to the repaired AT. Furthermore, FHL transfer maintains the normal muscle balance of the ankle by transferring a muscle with the same function. In a recent study using magnetic resonance imaging evaluation, Hahn et al. 4 showed complete integration of the FHL tendon in 60% of patients and hypertrophy of the FHL of more than 15% was observed in 80% of patients. Case DescriptionWe present the case of a 34-year-old man with no known pathology and an irrelevant medical history and habits. He was a recreational sports participant and sustained an AT rupture. Primary surgery was performed 2 weeks after the initial trauma by a minimally invasive technique (Achillon System; Integra LifeSciences, Plainsboro, NJ). The patient began physical therapy after 3 weeks of equinus cast immobilization and had good progression until 12 weeks postoperatively, when a rerupture occurred while he was working out on a treadmill. The patient then underwent reoperation with the technique described in this report. Surgical TechniquePosterior ankle endoscopy is performed in a standard fashion. 7 The patient lies prone, and a 2-portal technique using the posterolateral and posteromedial portals is performed (Fig 1). The posterolateral ...
The automatic classification of abstract sentences into its main elements (background, objectives, methods, results, conclusions) is a key tool to support scientific database querying, to summarize relevant literature works and to assist in the writing of new abstracts. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning approach based on a convolutional layer and a bi-directional gated recurrent unit to classify sentences of abstracts. First, the proposed neural network was tested on a publicly available repository containing 20 thousand abstracts from the biomedical domain. Competitive results were achieved, with weight-averaged precision, recall and F1-score values around 91%, and an Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 99%, which are higher when compared to a state-of-the-art neural network. Then, a crowdsourcing approach using gamification was adopted to create a new comprehensive set of 4,111 classified sentences from the computer science domain, focused on social media abstracts. The results of applying the same deep learning modeling technique trained with 3,287 (80%) of the available sentences were below the ones obtained for the larger biomedical dataset, with weight-averaged precision, recall and F1-score values between 73% and 76%, and an AUC of 91%. Considering the dataset dimension as a likely important factor for such performance decrease, a data augmentation approach was further applied. This involved the use of text mining to translate sentences of the computer science abstract corpus while retaining the same meaning. Such approach resulted in slight improvements, of around 2 percentage points, for the weight-averaged recall and F1-score values.
In recent years, efforts have been undertaken to reduce the volume of residual waste through sorting and recycling. The waste management and recycling sector is thriving and the number of workers there is increasing. In this context, prior knowledge of the risks to which workers may be exposed is of crucial importance, and preventive measures need to be put in place to accurately identify and quantify those risks. This study aimed to assess occupational risk of exposure to biological agents (viable bacteria and fungi) in a Portuguese waste packaging glass sorting plant. Air samples were collected from selected locations in waste sorting cabins (critical area, CA), administrative services (noncritical area, NCA) and outdoors (control point, CP). Duplicate air samples were collected through an impaction method. The investigation was carried out over an 8-mo period with two collection periods, autumn/winter (AW) and spring/summer (SS), in order to access the influence of any seasonal variation. In the 36 air samples collected, 319 bacterial and 196 mold identifications were performed. Air samples revealed existence of high environmental contamination by bacteria (1.6 × 10(4) colony forming units [cfu]/m(3)) and fungi (1.5 × 10(4) cfu/m(3)). The predominant bacterial genus was Staphylococcus (coagulase negative) with values ranging from 29.6 to 60% of the total count of bacteria. Genera Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Staphylococcus (coagulase negative) were also present at all sampling sites, regardless of the season. However, the counts of these genera, in the CA, were higher in warmer seasons. The genus Penicillium was the most frequent genus present with an approximate value of 95% of total fungal count in the CA. Seasonal variation was a significant factor for total bacteria and fungi, except for NCA versus CP. Overall, the highest levels of bacterial and fungal species (10(4) cfu/m(3)) were found in the waste sorting cabin (CA). These results highlight the importance of proper design and risk evaluation when planning a new waste facility, such that working conditions minimize proliferation of biological agents in the workplace.
Highlights Space-occupying lesions like lipoma are a rare cause of secondary compression neuropathies of the upper extremity. Atypical symptomatology should raise suspicion of local causes and regular work-up should be extended. Images studies leads to successful diagnosis and guidance of the best surgical treatment. Monobloc resection is still the best treatment to reduce the risk of iatrogenic lesions and disease recurrence.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.