Ключевые слова: озеро Ладожское эвтрофирование Osmerus eperlanus паразитофауна Аннотация: Изучена фауна паразитов европейской корюшки Osmerus eperlanus (L.)-промыслового вида рыб Ладожского озера. Проведен сравнительный анализ изменений паразитофауны европейской корюшки за многолетний период. Установлено, что структурная перестройка в паразитофауне ладожской корюшки проявляется в снижении видового богатства за счет исчезновения типичных видов паразитов олиготрофных озер. Состав руководящего комплекса паразитов ладожской корюшки формируют эвригостальные виды с широким кругом хозяев. Изменение численности и структуры зоопланктона и зообентоса (кормовой базы ладожской корюшки) вызывает снижение численности паразитов со сложным циклом развития. Показано, что изменения в видовом составе паразитов корюшки адекватно отражают тренд общих изменений в состоянии экосистемы Ладожского озера под влиянием антропогенного фактора.
Asiatic wild asses Equus hemionus are difficult to catch as most populations are subject to poaching and are thus very shy. Wild asses run fast and groups tend to split up when disturbed or chased. Free-range darting normally only allows the capture of single individuals, and the recommended anaesthetic protocol requires the use of the potent opiate ethorphine, which is highly toxic for humans and subject to special purchase and import regulations. In the following, we describe a corral capture method developed in Altyn Emel National Park in southeastern Kazakhstan. Round-ups of Asiatic wild asses were done at night by use of cars and strong lights to reduce the speed of fleeing asses by impeding their ability to see the terrain. The method provides an additional tool for capturing free-ranging wild asses, and contrary to previously described methods, it does allow the simultaneous capture of groups of animals without the need for chemical immobilisation.
Objective. Evaluation of the effectiveness of drug prevention of bone cement implantation syndrome in hip joint arthroplasty.
Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 400 medical records of patients who underwent hip arthroplasty was performed. In the main group (n = 200), the prevention of bone cement implantation syndrome was carried out using popular drugs (mafusol, reamberin, antihistamines, glucocorticoids). In the control group (n = 200), these drugs were not used. Blood pressure, heart rate, blood saturation were evaluated intraoperatively. In the postoperative period, fixed complications associated with anesthesia and surgery.
Results. The volume of intraoperative blood loss, mean arterial pressure, heart rate and blood saturation in the main and control groups did not have significant differences. At the stage of cementing the bone canal, hypotension developed in 95% and 95.5% of cases, respectively. 2 patients (1.0%) of the first group developed a stress-related ulcer bleeding on the 3rd day of the postoperative period, one patient (0.5%) had an Ischemic stroke on the 5th day after the operation, in three patients (1.5%) atrial fibrillation paroxysm during the week after surgery. Three (1.5%) patients developed a skin allergic reaction to reamberin. In the second group, there were two cases (1.0%) of Ischemic stroke within a week after surgery and one cases (0.5%) of acute myocardial infarction on the 5th day after surgical treatment.
Conclusion. There is no need for intraoperative drug prevention of bone cement implantation syndrome. Additional pharmacological load increases the risk of side effects and complications.
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