Results of eventological [1] modeling of housing and communal services system [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] are looked at in examples and illustrations, which are intended to demonstrate the main features of the evaluation of activities under the circumstances of the event on the basis of a portfolio of identification features of housing and communal services; in addition, these examples and illustrations show the role and functions in the risk assessment of the three main event-related figures involved in the eventological system of housing and communal services: the total subject, the total object and the total barrier, and, most importantly, discover the key applicability of the eventological approach in the field of housing and communal services in the methods of selecting the optimal portfolio of identification features of housing and communal services, providing a given accuracy of efficiency assessment in the settlement at a given minimum expert costs.
in the article the main types of building structures are considered, which are distinguished by the type of material. For the purpose of studying, each type has brief information including its advantages and disadvantages in comparison with others. In the section reinforced concrete structures, the authors characterize this material from three sides - this is the method of manufacture, the type of concrete and its stressed state. As a result, it was found that when choosing a foundation, special attention is paid to: bearing capacity, type of building being built, soil characteristics. In addition to the above, it can be added that weight reduction, cost reduction and material consumption in reinforced concrete structures are possible through the use of high-strength concrete and reinforcement. Metal structures are the most popular building material. The possibilities of this material are very diverse: building designs, designs specifically for certain seismic and climatic conditions, and high decorative properties. Due to its strength and rigidity, buildings can withstand hurricane gusts of wind and earthquakes. In the manufacture of structures in the factory and during installation, steel is subjected to various technological operations: welding, cutting, machining. It was found that in this case the steel does not collapse, it retains the microstructure and mechanical properties. Finally, steel should not have a significant cost of manufacturing structures from it. Turning to the section of wooden structures, the authors list the main advantages - it is comfortable and environmentally friendly and material.
The topicality of studied subject is based on inappropriate usage of different materials in wooden structures, since using metal joint in wooden construction leads to reduction of construction working life cycle. In this regard, a study of several options for wooden screw carving was conducted in order to determine the most appropriate one (screw). There are several different types of carving, such as: trapezoidal, triangular, rectangular, etc. The most appropriate ones are trapezoidal and triangular-section threads for wooden screws. The effectiveness of a wooden screw thread was determined from the conditions (capacity) of shear fracture and bearing stress. After analyzing the results of calculations of the specific capacity for shear fracture and bearing stress, it can be concluded that the value of specific bearing capacity for shear fracture is less than the value of bearing stress by 1.3%. Therefore, a further comparison of the trapezoidal thread and the triangular cross-section will proceed from the spalling conditions. It has been found that the most effective thread is a triangular cross-section. Based on the results of calculations, a mathematical model has been established that describes the dependence of the carrying capacity on the screw diameter.
The simple mechanical transfer of structural technologies to high-latitude construction engineering is not efficient. But construction engineering nordifikation seems to be effective and expedient, for example working camps. Severe, extreme conditions in the Arctic are similar to extraterrestrial, for example, Martian therefore use of space technologies is required here. From this point of view, it is expedient to build space frame constructions such as: domes, lenses, spheres, Rello's cones united by the covered transitions of ribbed type or the common covering, having good aerodynamics. In this article is emphasized the rationality of designs made of timber itself and wood materials that defines need of creation of the glued elements industry, that is possible only in presence of government support. Простой механический перенос строительных технологий в высокоширотное строительство неэффективен. Целесообразна нордификация строительства, например вахтовых поселков. Суровые, экстремальные условия в Арктике подобны внеземным, поэтому здесь требуется применение космических технологий. Целесообразно возведение зданий в виде пространственных сооружений: куполов, линз, сфер, конусов Релло, объединенных крытыми переходами нервюрного типа или общим покрытием, обладающих хорошей аэродинамикой. Подчеркивается рациональность конструкций из дерева и древесных материалов, что определяет необходимость создания индустрии клееных элементов, а это возможно только при наличии государственной поддержки. Ключевые слова: освоение Арктики, нордификация, космические технологии в строительстве, деревянные пространственные сооружения, вахтовые поселки, принципы проектирования и строительства в высоких широтах, аэродинамика, энергоэкономичность, государственная поддержка.
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