The paper proposes a mathematical model for evaluating the attractiveness of alternatives by a qualitative criterion, which is based on the method of evaluating latent variables according to the Rasch model. This model is intended for assessing the attractiveness of alternatives in expert evaluation using the hierarchy analysis method based on a paired comparison of alternatives. The proposed method will make it possible to obtain objective estimates of alternatives on a linear scale, which do not depend on the composition of the alternatives being evaluated. Aim. The purpose of the study is to describe a new mathematical apparatus that allows one to obtain estimates of the attractiveness of alternatives and has a number of advantages over traditional methods of evaluation. The proposed model is based on the theory of latent variables, and more precisely, on the Rasch model for estimating latent variables. Materials and methods. The basis of the model for evaluating alternatives described in the paper is the method of paired comparisons. However, unlike the traditional mathematical apparatus of the hierarchy analysis method, the method for identifying the preference of one alternative over another for each of their pairs is based on a probabilistic approach, so preference estimates are less abstract and more objective. The paper gives a mathematical substantiation of the proposed model, compares the results of estimation by the proposed model with the results obtained by traditional methods. Computational experiments are also described that substantiate the adequacy of the obtained estimates. Results. A mathematical model has been developed, which is an alternative to the hierarchy analysis method (T. Saaty) for assessing the attractiveness of alternatives using the method of paired comparisons. Unlike the traditional evaluation method, the model allows you to obtain independent estimates of alternatives on a linear scale, and the criteria for comparing alternatives are probabilistic in nature, which allows for an objective assessment. Computational experiments have shown the adequacy and good stability of the obtained estimates to changes in the initial data. Conclusion. The proposed method for processing expert information obtained from paired comparisons of alternatives will make it possible to obtain the most objective assessments of them and can be used as a mathematical apparatus for decision support systems in many areas of scientific and practical activity.
Modern trends in the economy and in the field of scientific and technological progress require a transition to a more innovative way of development. This trend is able to ensure the formation and accumulation of a new quality of research and production and technical potential of the country in the foreseeable future. Thus, the need to ensure competent management of innovative projects is determined. The problem of the innovative construction projects quality is caused by the insufficiently effective mana¬gement of this type of projects. When forming a competent approach to the management of innovative construction projects, a significant competitive advantage is provided for organizations implementing these projects, which generally forms the company's growth trend and the acquisition of a greater market share. The purpose of this study is to develop methodological guidelines for monitoring the quality of innovative projects in the construction sector. Methods. The study used traditional approaches of comparative analysis, statistical research methods, modeling methods, etc. The result of the research is the development of a new methodology for monitoring the quality of innovative projects in the construction sector based on the formation of a comprehensive system of indicators implemented in the context of a situational approach. Conclusion. Achieving project quality does not guarantee full achievement of project product quality. According to the stated conditions, the quality of the project is determined by its preservation within the project triangle both during the implementation period and after the completion of the project. As for innovative construction projects, despite the fact that this industry is conservative in terms of implementing innovations, such projects are still being implemented, and thus bring companies to a leading position in the market. Of course, these projects throughout the entire life cycle are accompanied by the presence of a high level of risks, however, with the proper level of control and timeliness of high-quality management decisions, an innovative project has significant chances of success.The individual conditions of each innovative construction project do not allow us to identify an absolutely universal effective methodology for monitoring the quality of the project, but it is possible to improve the effectiveness of monitoring the quality of these projects, provided that the developed recommendations are followed.
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