We examined 2 cichlid fish species native to México, Cichlasoma callolepis and C. fenestratum, and 2 introduced African cichlids, Oreochromis aureus and O. niloticus, from 3 localities in southeastern México for monogeneans. Six monogenean species infected the African cichlids: Cichlidogyrus haplochromii, C. dossoui, C. longicornis longicornis, C. sclerosus, C. tilapiae, and Enterogyrus malmbergi. We found all these parasite species, except C. haplochromii and C. dossoui, on the native C. fenestratum and C. callolepis. Prevalences of Cichlidogyrus spp. were 3-10% and abundances ranged from 0.03 +/- 0.2 to 0.1 +/- 0.3 for native cichlids. We only recovered a single E. malmbergi from 1 C. callolepis. We found Sciadicleithrum bravohollisae, a monogenean of native Cichlasoma spp., on the gills of the introduced O. aureus from Lake Catemaco (prevalence 3%, abundance 0.03 +/- 0.2). Although prevalence and abundance in atypical hosts were fairly low, the present findings provide evidence of monogenean transfer from African to American cichlids and vice versa. This is the first record of exotic monogeneans in the genus Cichlidogyrus and Enterogyrus infecting native American cichlid fish. It is also the first record from southeastern México of a native American monogenean infecting introduced African cichlids.
A new species of rhynchobdellid leech, Placobdella ringueleti n. sp., is described based on the examination of 25 specimens. Leeches were collected from body appendages of freshwater turtles (Kinosternon leucostomum, Dermatemys mawii, and Staurotypus triporcatus ) from Chiapas, Mexico. The new species resembles other members of the genus in the ocular morphology, bilobated ovaries, and presence of 1 pair of elongated mycetomes, but it is distinguished from them by the dorsal papillar pattern, by having a continuous longitudinal mid-dorsal stripe along the dorsal surface and papillae on the dorsal surface of the posterior sucker. Placobdella ringueleti represents the third species of the genus in Mexico. The type locality of the new species is part of the “El Ocote” Biosphere Reserve, Chiapas, Mexico.
Review
Avances en el cultivo deRESUMEN. Las poblaciones de caballito de mar (género Hippocampus) han sido impactadas de diferentes formas por el ser humano. Por esta razón, se han implementado medidas para mitigar el decremento de las poblaciones, como su inclusión en la lista de CITES, lo cual regula en parte su comercialización. Sin embargo, se deben adoptar otras medidas para asegurar la conservación de estas especies. La acuicultura se presenta como una oportunidad que puede traer beneficios en diferentes formas: reemplazando la captura del medio natural, repoblando cuerpos de agua cuyas poblaciones se encuentren impactadas y como actividad económica redituable. Desde inicios del presente siglo, se ha generado información relevante en torno a las condiciones de cultivo de diferentes especies de caballito de mar, desde los parámetros físicos y químicos del agua y otras condiciones físicas como tipos y tamaños de los tanques, hasta cuestiones relacionadas con la nutrición, la supervivencia, el crecimiento, la maduración y el proceso reproductivo. En este trabajo se recopila esta información, con énfasis en las investigaciones relacionadas con las especies americanas. Palabras clave: Hippocampus, caballito de mar, ornamentales marinos, acuicultura. However, other measures must be taken to ensure the conservation of these species. Aquaculture is presented as an opportunity that can bring benefits in different ways: replacing capture from natural environments, repopulating water bodies whose populations are impacted and as a profitable economic activity. From the beginning of this century, relevant information has been generated about the culture conditions of different species of seahorses, from the physical and chemical parameters of water and other physical conditions such as types and sizes of tanks, to issues related to nutrition, survival, growth, maturation and reproductive processes. This paper presents a collection of such information, with some emphasis on works related to species in the Americas.
Culture conditions for
Species included in the genus Dolops (Ichthyostraca: Argulidae) have been recorded from Southern and Central Africa, Australia, and mainly from South America, with no records from Central or North America. Specimens of Dolops bidentata, previously recorded only in South America, were collected in the state of Tabasco, southern Mexico, parasitizing the common snook, Centropomus undecimalis. Here, we provide the first record of the genus and the species in North America (Mexico) and the first molecular characterization of Dolops bidentata including 1 mitochondrial and 2 nuclear DNA markers, as well as a morphological description of the specimens. The newly generated molecular data were used to preliminarily investigate the phylogenetic relationships of Branchiura and to include Dolops bidentata in a phylogenetic hypothesis. Our results fail to recover the monophyly of Dolops; however, more investigations are needed before any taxonomic change is made.
Peces de importancia comercial en Tabasco, México, están siendo infestados de manera natural con parásitos de pentastómidos. En la presente investigación se dan a conocer la morfología, los índices ecológicos de infección de la larva en tres especies de valor comercial. Los peces bajo estudio son mojarras de interés alimenticio como Parachromis managuensis, Petenia splendida y Gobiomorus dormitor. Se registró un total de 30 larvas de pentastómidos. La mayor prevalencia registrada en estos fue en G. dormitor de 30% y 35%, durante los años 2005 y 2015, respectivamente. La prevalencia por larvas de pentastómido ha incrementado en las especies estudiadas. Por tanto, se recomienda evitar el consumo de ejemplares crudos en diferentes platillos, y se propone al sector salud tomar las medidas precautorias ante la sociedad para evitar infección a humanos por esta larva.
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