IntroductionLe syndrome métabolique est associé aux maladies cardiovasculaires. L'infection au VIH est devenue aujourd'hui une maladie chronique. L'objectif de cette étude est de déterminer la prévalence, les facteurs associés et prédisposant au syndrome métabolique chez les patients infectés par le VIH sous traitement antirétroviral.MéthodesIl s'est agi d'une étude transversale, descriptive et analytique. La population d’étude est constituée des patients vivant avec le VIH sous antirétroviral suivis au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Ouémé-Plateau. Le syndrome métabolique a été défini selon les critères de la Fédération Internationale du Diabète.RésultatsLa population était constituée de 244 patients. La prévalence du syndrome métabolique était de 18,03% avec une prédominance féminine (74,6%). La moyenne d’âge était de 40,7 ± 9,71 ans. Les facteurs associés au syndrome métabolique étaient le sexe féminin, la sédentarité, l'antécédent d'HTA, le surpoids, l'apport énergétique élevé, l'apport lipidique élevé, la consommation d'alcool, la consommation de tabac et l'hypercholestérolémie. Les facteurs prédisposant au syndrome métabolique étaient la présence de l'HTA, le tour de taille élevé, l'hyperglycémie, l'hypocholestérolémie HDL et l'hypertriglycéridémie.ConclusionLe syndrome métabolique est fréquent chez les patients infectés par le VIH sous traitement antirétroviral. Une prévention prenant en compte les facteurs associés et prédisposant s'avère nécessaire.

Objective: Identifying which of the three scores (MNA, SGA and ISRNM) would better assess the nutritional status of chronic hemodialysis patients in BeninPatients and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. It was carried out over a three-month period, from 1 st July to 31 st September 2015. The study participants included patients who have been on hemodialysis for at least the past 6 months, non-admitted in the past 4 weeks and having given their consent to participate in the study. All patients were subject to anthropometric parameters and checkups in order to apply the three nutritional scores: Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA); Suggestive Global Assessment (SGA); International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM criteria). Statistical analysis was performed through EpiData Ver 3.1.Outcomes: 149 patients were selected including 38.93% of women and 61.07% of men. Age ranged from 19 to 79 years with 48 ± 12.88 as mean age. The prevalence of overall malnutrition was respectively 42.75%; 36.24% and 14.09% based on MNA, SGA and ISRNM scores. There was poor protein intake in 85.19% of cases, body mass index (BMI) was below 23 kg/m ² in 68.46% of cases, hypoalbuminemia and pre-dialysis hypocreatininemia were recorded in respectively 29.53% and 52.38% of cases. Conclusion:SGA score seems to be a more objective score as it uses both history and clinical data. BMI and protein intake when considered distinctly, have a better predictive value of our patients nutritional status.

Introduction: Acute renal failure (ARF) post-operative is a specific form of acute deficiencies causing multiple declining factors. Objective: This survey aims to study the incidence and risk factors associated with acute renal failure (ARF) in post-operative surgical intensive care units to University Hospital of Borgou (UH-B): during 2015. Patients and Methods this study is a cross sectional, descriptive and analytical ones with the prospective data collection from March 1st to European Scientific Journal November 2016 edition vol.12, No.33 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857 189 August 31th, 2015. The research has involved all patients admitted to the operating room for surgery and motherhood whatever reason and then transferred respectively to the intensive care areas at UH-B. The postoperative ARF has been investigated inner patients following inclusion criteria and classification according to RIFLE score. The socio-demographic, clinical and biological variables monitoring, even support and evolution are experimented. A questionnaire is designed for data collection. Data are analyzed by Epi-Info means with 5% of significance level. Results: 130 patients are registered. The mean age is 27.68 ± 12.87 years. The sex ratio is 0.66. The frequency of post-operative ARF reaches 12.31%. The associated risk factors are: hypertension (p = 0.0018), diabetes (p = 0.002), heart failure (p = 0.0104), severe sepsis (p = 0.006) hypovolemic shock (p = 0.002), ASA class ≥ 3 (p = 0.0014), preeclampsia-eclampsia (p = 0.012), the Altémier class classification ≥ 3 (p = 0.0164), a pathological urinary sediment like a proteinuria (p=0.006), haematuria (p= 0.001) and nitrituria (p=0.007). Consequently, three (03) subjects out of sixteen (16) have died (18.75%). Conclusion:The post-operative ARF is a reality in University Hospital Borgou , with a higher mortality rate. Thus, the prevention strategy is the best treatment through the screening and monitoring promotion towards risk factors. er Mars au 31 Août 2015. Tous les patients opérés (de la chirurgie et de la maternité) et transférés dans les secteurs de la réanimation chirurgicale étaient concernés. Le score de RIFLE a permis de diagnostiquer l'IRA post opératoire. Les variables socio démographiques, clinico-biologiques celles de prise en charge de suivi et d'évolution ont été étudiées. Un questionnaire a été établi pour la collecte des données. Les données collectées ont été analysées avec le logiciel Epi-Info 7.1.1.14 avec un seuil de significativité de 5%. Résultats : Au total, 130 patients ont été enregistrés. L'âge moyen était de 27,68 ± 12,87 ans. La sex-ratio était de 0,66. La fréquence de l'IRA post European Scientific Journal November 2016 edition vol.12, No.33 ISSN: 1857 -7881 (Print) e -ISSN 1857 190 opératoire était de 12,31%. Les facteurs de risque associés étaient : l'hypertension artérielle (p=0,0018),le diabète (p=0,002), l'insuffisance cardiaque(p=0,0104), le sepsis sévère(p=0,006), l' état de choc hypovolémique(p=0,002), la classe ASA ≥3 (p=0,0014), l...

SummaryBut:Ce travail vise à évaluer les connaissances, attitudes et pratiques des médecins généralistes sur la prise en charge de l’hypertension artérielle à Cotonou.Méthodes:L’étude était transversale et descriptive basée sur une enquête multicentrique du 1er Mai 2011 au 31 Juillet 2011. Un recrutement de tous les médecins généralistes, volontaires exerçant dans les centres de santé privés, publics et confessionnels de la ville de Cotonou, ayant autorisé l’étude, a été fait. Le 7ème rapport de Joint National Committee (JNC7) a été utilisé comme référentiel pour l’évaluation de la prise en charge des hypertendus. Un auto-questionnaire adressé aux généralistes, testé et validé, a été utilisé pour recueillir ces données.Résultats:Au total, 41 médecins généralistes dans huit établissements sanitaires ont été inclus. Près de la moitié des généralistes (48.8%) ne connaissaient pas la définition de l’HTA. Seulement 25 généralistes (61.0%) pouvaient décrire les conditions de mesure de la pression artérielle. Dix généralistes (24.4%) étaient incapables de lister la moitié des examens du bilan minimum de l’hypertension artérielle (HTA). La majorité (92.7%) ne connaissait pas la notion de risque cardiovasculaire global. L’objectif tensionnel (TA ≤ 140/90 mmHg) n’était connu que par 18 (43.9%) médecins.Les mesures hygiéno-diététiques seules (82.9%) et la monothérapie seule (70.7%) étaient les modalités thérapeutiques les plus prescrites. Les classes pharmacologiques antihypertensives prescrites étaient surtout les inhibiteurs calciques (82.9%), les inhibiteurs de l’enzyme de conversion (53.7%) et les diurétiques (36.6%). Les généralistes référaient les hypertendus aux cardiologues principalement pour non-maitrise du chiffres tensionnels (63,4%) et l’apparition de complications aigues (56.1%).Conclusion:Les connaissances des généralistes sur la prise en charge de l’HTA étaient insuffisantes et leurs attitudes et pratiques ne respectaient pas les recommandations internationales.

Introduction: The objectives of this work were to assess haemodialytic patients' quality of life (QoL) and to identify factors affecting this QoL. Patients and Methods: It was a three (03) month monocentric and transversal study (from October 24, 2011 to January 27, 2012) conducted in the haemodialysis unit at Hubert Koutoukou Maga Teaching Hospital (CNHU-HKM) in Cotonou. Patients included were residents of Benin, aged 18 years and above, chronic haemodialysis in this unit for over 3 months, and willfully gave their consent. Quality of life was evaluated using questionnaire on Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short-Form French version 1.2 (KDQoL-SF 36). Epidemiological data, nephropathy etiologies and purification parametres were recorded in patients files. Data statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software 11.5. Results: In total 131 patients were involved in the study. The average age was 50.27 ± 12.17 years with a sex ratio of 1.69. Nephroangiosclerosis was the 1st cause. Most patients 128 (97.71 %) received two haemodialysis sessions on weekly basis. The Average Overall Score (AOS) based respectively on SF 36 and KDQoL was 48.55 and 58.55. The average of both SF 36 and KDQoL AOS was 53.55. Factors affecting hemodialytic patients quality of life were vitality, limitations related to mental health and physical condition, burden of kidney disease, effect of the disease on daily life and occupational status. The study revealed that: Patients education level was correlated with vitality (p < 0.017); The number of haemodialyses sessions was correlated with the consequences of kidney disease on daily life (p < 0.025). Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the staff by providing a psychologist and a dietician and also build new haemodialysis centres.

The history of kidney disease associated with HIV infection dates back to the years of HIV breakthrough. The objective was to study kidney damage in children infected with HIV at the Teaching Hospital of Borgou (Benin) in 2019. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical, matching-type study carried out from June 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 at the pediatrics department of Teaching Hospital of Borgou (Benin). The study included HIV-positive children, followed in consultations, and whose parents gave their consent. The biological markers were demon-strated with urine dipstick. Glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Schwartz test and classified according to stages. The dependent variable was the presence of at least one impairment (biological or functional). Sample size was determined by Schwartz’s method on the basis of one case for two controls. Sociodemographic, clinical, biological, and therapeutic data were collected. Comparisons were made using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The identification of associated factors was possible using a multiple logistic regression model at 5% threshold. In total, we included 117 children, including 39 HIV-positive children. The average age was 8 ± 4.81 years and the gender ratio was 1:17. The frequency of kidney damage was 76.5%. Permanent proteinuria and at least two crosses on urine dipstick were present in 20.5%, leukocyturia in 2.6%, and proximal tubular dysfunction in 5.1%. Glomerular hyperfiltration was found in 38.5%, acute kidney injury in 38.5%, and chronic kidney injury in 5.1%. Associated factors were age (P = 0.004), presence of opportunistic infections (P = 0.00), and treatment adherence (P = 0.004). Kidney damage is common in HIV-positive children. Careful follow-up is necessary to avoid complications.

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Goal: To describe the clinical and immunological characteristics in the HIV-infected patients at the antiretroviral treatment initiation. Methods: This was a descriptive and retrospective study on the cohort of the patients living with HIV followed at Parakou teaching hospital from the 1st January 2004 to the 31st December 2012. Persons under the age of 15 and the pregnant women have been excluded from the study. Results: The active file was composed of 988 patients under antiretroviral treatment. They were 339 men and 649 women. The sex ratio was 0.52. The average age of the patients was 35.49 ± 9.72 years. The immunodeficiency was profound with 57.65% of patients at the stage 3 of WHO and 42.35% at the stage 4. Opportunistic infections at the antiretroviral treatment initiation were dominated by oral candidiasis (30.16%), the diarrhea (20.45%) and zona (11.03%). Conclusion: HIV infection touched young adults who consult at an advanced stage of immunodeficiency.