Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of curcumin supplementation alone and in combination with aerobic training on body composition, glycemic variables, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lipid profiles in overweight women. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 40 healthy sedentary overweight females (aged 30-45 years with body mass index [BMI] of 25-30 kg/m 2 ) were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 subjects each: curcumin supplementation (Cur), placebo (Pla), placebo+aerobic training (Pla+Tra), curcumin supplementation+aerobic training (Cur+Tra). Curcumin or placebo capsules (500 mg/day) were administered for 8 weeks. Results: During the intervention, Cur group showed significant reductions in weight, BMI and fasting blood glucose level; Cur+Tra group decreased waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, serum insulin level, low-density lipoprotein to high-density lipoprotein ratio, and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio and increased serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The between-groups analysis indicated increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the Cur and Cur+Tra groups compared to the Pla group. The estimated marginal means of serum CRP were significantly higher in Pla+Tra group than in the Cur and Cur+Tra groups. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the combination of curcumin supplementation with aerobic training more effectively improves glycemic and lipidemic statuses than curcumin supplementation or aerobic training alone.The first two authors contributed equally to this study.Currently, overweight and obesity are problems around the world, especially for women. 1,2 In developing countries, it seems that the prevalence of obesity among women is more than that among men. 3 This condition has an important effect on health impairment, female reproduction 4 and reduced quality of life. 5 Overweight and obesity are associated with diseases such as cardiovascular disease, Original Article Dolati S, et al. Curcumin Supplementation in Overweight Women J Obes Metab Syndr 2020;29:47-57Fleiss equation for sample volume estimation was used in this survey in order to approximate the volume of samples, in which the power of the experiment, the alpha of the equation, and the average alteration were 0.8, 0.05, and 5, respectively. According to the conducted estimation, the sample size was calculated to be 8.81. To be more conservative, among the overweight volunteer women, 10 people were chosen for the experimental group.Exclusion criteria for our study were allergy to curcumin, physical activity or aerobic exercises of any form and type in the past 6 months, pregnancy, underlying or infectious disease, following a special diet, intake of dietary supplements and herbal tea, smoking or other tobacco and hookah consumption, a history of high blood lipids without medication, cardiac failure, taking anti-inflammatory drugs, severe endocrine or metabolic disorders or hospi...
Background: Iodine is a key element in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The deficiency of the secretion of them will Reduce IQ, disturbance in the psychomotor growth and shortened height. Urinary iodine is a good indicator of iodine intake status. Urinary iodine status in at-risk groups is one of the most important indicators of community status. Methods: All 56 universities/medical faculties in Iran should determine and report median urinary iodine and its relative distribution in school children aged 8 to 10 yr, to determine the status of urine output. The sample size in each university/college is 240 students and the cluster sampling method (48 clusters in each area in 2016) and based on probability Measurement. The amount of urinary iodine was measured quantitatively by acid digestion. Results: The mean urinary iodine excretion was estimated at 18.61 μg/dl. The median urinary iodine concentration in 52 universities was sufficient, and the national mean of urinary iodine excretion rate was 19.3 μg/dl. The iodine status was estimated in the optimal range in 65.6% of the students and in only 4.7% in the range of moderate and severe deficits, based on the urinary iodine index. Conclusion: Iodine is sufficient in most parts of the country. The implementation of the country’s national program for the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders has made more important the quality control of the collaborative laboratories of this program than before. Moreover, it is absolutely essential to avoid excessive iodine in order to prevent possible side effects.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) disease can affect process of apoptosis by increasing oxidative stress, nevertheless exercise and crocin can improve apoptosis; therefore present study aimed to investigate the effect of continued training with crocin on apoptosis markers in liver tissue of diabetic rats. In this experimental study 32 diabetic rats based on fasting glucose divided into four groups of eight rats including: 1) sham, 2) training, 3) crocin, and 4) training with crocin also for investigate the effect of DM induction on apoptosis markers, eight healthy rats assigned in healthy control group. During eight weeks groups 2 and 4 ran 60 minutes on treadmill with intensity of 50-55% maximum speed for three sessions per week and groups 3 and 4 received 25 mg/kg/day crocin peritoneally. Shapiro-Wilk, one-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hot tests were used for statistical analysis of data (P ≤ 0.05). DM induction significantly increased Bcl-2 as well as decreased Bax and P52 (P ≤ 0.05) nevertheless training and training with crocin significantly decreased Bcl-2 and increased Bax and P53 (P ≤ 0.05); crocin significantly decreased Bcl-2 and increased P53 (P ≤ 0.05) and training with crocin had higher effect on increase of Bax and P53 compare to training (P ≤ 0.05) also increase of Bax compare to crocin. Although training and crocin alone can improve apoptotic markers in diabetic rats, nevertheless training simultaneously with crocin have better effects than training alone.
Objectives: The prevalence of obesity has been doubled among children over the past 10 years, which will result in an obese population and its complications in near future. This situation can impose great costs on the health system and community for treating those obese people. The purpose of this review is to examine the effective strategies for reducing and controlling obesity in primary school students. Methods: This review was conducted in August and September 2017. Our goal was to review the related articles in the authorized databases, including Scientific Information Center (SIC), Scholar Google, Scopus, and PubMed, from 2000 onward, by two researchers, considering language constraint (only English articles with full text were accepted). Out of 104,658 articles, 15 articles were excluded due to the lack of full text, and finally 25 articles were selected. Results: The results of the existing studies showed that through involving parents, schools officials and continuous supporting measures like prohibition of long-term food advertising in television programs, all three educational, nutritional and physical activity interventions can help in controlling and reducing obesity. Conclusions: To succeed in reducing and controlling obesity among students, especially primary school ones, the approaches and interventions should be implemented in three levels: home, school, and community.
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused serious disruption to food security in the world. Declining incomes, purchasing power, and food production and rising prices in the food supply and consumption chain have affected and increased the risk of food insecurity, the most important consequence of which is the worsening of world hunger and malnutrition. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic since December 2019 in Wuhan, and its spread around the world has caused major changes in people's lives; one of the most important affected areas is the food and nutrition sector. This study aims to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in food choice, purchase, and consumption. Methods: Keywords "food", "nutrition", "choice or select", "buy or purchase", "consumption" and "behavior" in combination with the word "COVID-19" were used to search for English articles in Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. All articles from the beginning of the pandemic to the end of May 2021 were included in this study. After deleting some studies due to non-English language, duplication, inconsistency with the intended purpose, and being reviewed, 25 articles entered the final phase. Results: The results indicate that forced quarantine and travel restrictions with the formation of new nutritional behaviors have affected the quality of nutrition of different populations. It has positive consequences, such as reducing ready meals and fast foods, increasing attention to nutrients to promote and maintain health and reduce food waste. The negative consequences include increased intake of snacks, high-calorie foods, canned foods, and processed meats in some countries. Conclusion: Decreased nutritional quality from this pandemic can have adverse effects on public health. More detailed studies are needed to examine the impact of quarantine on food choice, purchase, and consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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