This research is a content analysis of photographs in 23 introductory criminal justice and criminology textbooks published between 2008 and 2012, replicating the original work of Baro and Eigenberg analyzing changes of gender depictions in introductory criminal justice and criminology textbooks and adding an examination of gendered interaction patterns. Findings support women continue to be marginalized in introductory criminal justice and criminology textbooks some 20 years after the initial study while images of gendered interaction patterns are largely absent. A discussion of the findings as well the study and praxis of criminal justice and criminology are presented.Criminologists have criticized the field for its sexist, racist, classist, and heterosexist biases. Many feminist criminologists assert that the dominate archetypes utilized in the criminology and criminal justice were developed by men, derived from the study of men, and applied to women as an afterthought (
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