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N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids administration does not reduce the recurrence rates of atrial fibrillation and inflammation after electrical cardioversion: a prospective randomized study N-3 çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin kullanımı elektriksel kardiyoversiyon sonrası inflamasyon ve atriyal fibrilasyon nüks oranlarını azaltmaz: Prospektif randomize bir çalışma ÖZETAmaç: Bu prospektif randomize çalışmanın amacı, n-3 çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin elektriksel kardiyoversiyon sonrası atriyal fibrilasyon (AF) nüksü üzerine olan etkilerini araştırmaktır.Yöntemler: Gerekli hasta sayısı, sinüs ritmi idamesinin amiyodaron grubunda %20, yağ asidi grubunda %65 olacağı tahmin edilerek hesaplandı. Alfa değeri 0.05 ve güç %80 olacak şekilde anlamlı sonuç elde etmek için her bir grupta 22 hastanın gerekli olduğu bulundu. Toplam 47 hasta elektriksel kardiyoversiyon öncesi amiyodaron (n=24) ve amiyodaron+n-3 çoklu doymamış yağ asidi (n=23) gruplarına randomize edildiler. Sonlanım noktası 12 aylık takipte AF nüksü olarak belirlendi. N-3 çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinin inflamasyon üzerine olan etkisi C-reaktif protein düzeylerinin ölçülmesi ile değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel analiz eşleştirilmemiş Student t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi Ki-kare testi ile yapıldı. Atriyal fibrilasyon nüksü, potansiyel etkili faktörleri kontrol ederek Cox oransal regresyon modeli ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Amiyodaron grubundaki 9 hastada (%37.5) ve amiyodaron+n-3 çoklu doymamış yağ asidi grubundaki 9 hastada (%39.1) nüks gözlendi (p=1). Cox regresyon analizinde, nüks için risk faktörleri önceden elektriksel kardiyoversiyon yapılmış olması (izafi risk 10.33; %95 GA 1.74-61.10; ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of the present prospective randomized study was to evaluate the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on recurrence rates of atrial fibrillation (AF) and inflammation after electrical cardioversion. Methods: Calculation of the number of patients needed was based on the assumption of 20% and 65% chance of maintaining sinus rhythm with amiodarone and with polyunsaturated fatty acids, respectively. To observe a significant difference with an alpha level of 0.05 and a power of 0.80 it was necessary to include 22 patients in each group. A total of 47 patients were randomized to amiodarone (n=24) and amiodarone plus n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n=23) groups before scheduled electrical cardioversion. The end-point was the recurrence of AF during 12-month follow-up. Effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on inflammation was evaluated with high sensitivity C-reactive protein level measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired Student' t, Mann Whitney U and Chi-square tests. We analyzed the recurrence of AF using the Cox proportional hazards regression model to control for potentially confounding factors. Results: Nine patients in the amiodarone group (37.5%), and 9 patients in the amiodarone plus n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids group (39.1%) had recurrence of AF during follow-up (p=1). With the Cox proportional model, risk f...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the mean platelet volume (MPV), an indicator of platelet activation in patients with infective endocarditis. Subjects and Methods: Twenty-nine patients with infective endocarditis and 29 healthy subjects were studied. Plasma MPV values in patients and control subjects were measured on admission and after 2 weeks of specific treatment of infective endocarditis. Results: The MPV was significantly higher among patients with infective endocarditis when compared with the control group (9.86 ± 1.1 vs. 8.0 ± 1.0 fl, respectively; p < 0.01). The MPV values of patients with infective endocarditis decreased significantly after treatment from 9.86 ± 1.1 to 7.86 ± 1.0 fl (p < 0.01). Total platelet counts increased significantly after treatment from 193.4 ± 96.5 × 10⁹ to 243.7 ± 92.4 × 10⁹ (p = 0.04). Conclusion: MPV values were higher in patients with infective endocarditis and decreased significantly after treatment. Elevated MPV values indicate that patients with infective endocarditis have increased platelet activation and infective endocarditis treatment decreases this platelet activation by decreasing MPV.

Objective: It was the aim of this study to investigate the serum oxidative stress level in nonischemic patients with heart failure (HF). Subjects and Methods: The study included 37 patients who presented to the Department of Cardiology, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey, with a diagnosis of asymptomatic HF (New York Heart Association class I-II). The patients had a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) of ≤40% and normal coronary arteries or nonsignificant stenosis (stenosis <40%). In addition, 30 age- and sex-matched normal patients were selected as the control group. Clinical and laboratory characteristics presumed to be associated with oxidative stress were evaluated. Results: Demographic characteristics were comparable. However, creatinine and potassium levels were higher in the HF than in the control group. Total oxidative status [2.42 μmol H₂O₂ Eq/l (range 0.74-5.86) vs. 1.81 μmol H₂O₂ Eq/l (range 0.42-3.45); p < 0.01], oxidative stress index [2.24 (range 0.63-5.33) vs. 1.53 (range 0.28-2.51); p < 0.01] and uric acid (6.1 ± 1.8 vs. 4.4 ± 1.1 mg/dl; p < 0.01) levels were significantly higher in the HF than in the control group. The total antioxidant capacity was similar in both groups [1.22 mmol Trolox Eq/l (range 0.61-1.99) vs. 1.18 mmol Trolox Eq/l (range 0.82-1.80); p = 0.77]. The γ-glutamyltransferase levels were also comparable in both groups [32 U/l (range 11-106) vs. 23 U/l (range 11-72); p = 0.10]. Conclusion: The oxidative stress levels were higher in HF patients, and hence, oxidative stress may play an important role in poor prognosis of HF. Therefore, antioxidant treatment might be reasonable.

Attenuated coronary flow reserve (CFR) has been reported in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC). On the other hand increased platelet activity has been demonstrated in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction. Accordingly, we aimed to investigate whether mean platelet volume (MPV) is increased in patients with IDC and increased MPV correlates with the degree of coronary microvascular dysfunction. MPV was measured in 37 patients with IDC. Each patient with IDC also underwent echocardiographic examination including CFR measurement. Patients with IDC were divided into two groups based on median CFR value (lower CFR group and normal CFR group). MPV was significantly higher in the lower CFR group than in the normal CFR group (9.00 ± 0.56 vs. 8.25 ± 0.76 fl; respectively, p = 0.001). CFR correlated significantly and inversely to MPV (r = -0.475, p = 0.003). Logistic regression analysis revealed that MPV level was the independent predictor of lower CFR (β = -0.750, p = 0.002). Furthermore, MPV was an accurate predictor of low CFR (p = 0.001); Area under the curve was 82% (95% CI 0.67-0.96). The best cut-off value of MPV to predict low CFR was 8.3 fl with 95% sensitivity and 69% specificity. In conclusion, the present study showed a negative correlation between MPV and CFR in patients with IDC.

Background: We investigated whether carvediolol or nebiovolol with vasodilator properties will produce different effects on diastolic function of the left ventricle (LV) in heart failure (HF) with low ejection fraction (EF).Methods: Sixty-one non-ischemic HF patients with EF £ 40% randomly received carvedilol (n = 31, 16 male) or nebivolol (n = 30, 19 DT prolonged (from 184 ± 40 to 218 ± 42 ms vs. from 193 ± 37 to 222 ± 36 ms, p = 0.71). Also, E/Ea ratio significantly decreased in each group (p = 0.01), but it was lower in nebivolol group than carvedilol group at 6 months (10.2 ± 2 vs. 11.8 ± 2, p = 0.41, respectively) and improved functional capacity (p > 0.05). Conclusions: At 6 month follow-up, carvedilol and nebivolol appear to similarly improve LV diastolic functions in non-ischemic HF patients. (Cardiol J 2014; 21, 1: 76-82) male). Clinical and echocardiographic evaluations were performed at baseline, 3 and 6 months after therapy. Mitral inflow velocities (E and A waves), deceleration time of E wave (DT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), mitral annular velocities (Ea and Aa waves) were evaluated. Mitral E/A and E/Ea ratios were calculated. Results: In carvediolol and nebivolol groups, mitral E/

Objective:It is unclear whether carvedilol and nebivolol produce different effects on short-term left ventricle (LV) systolic function in heart failure (HF). These drugs could improve systolic and diastolic functions of the LV. Thus, we aimed to compare their effects on LV systolic functions in patients with non-ischemic HF.Methods:This study included 61 symptomatic non-ischemic HF patients with low ejection fraction (EF) (EF≤40%) between September 2008 and November 2010. The patients were randomized to carvedilol (n=31, 16 males) or nebivolol (n=30, 19 male). They were evaluated clinically and echocardiographically at baseline and 3 and 6 months after target dose; 42% of patients in the carvedilol group and 47% in the nebivolol group achieved the target dose before randomization. LV systolic functions were evaluated with ventricle diameters, EF, ejection time (ET), isovolumic contraction time (IVCT), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT), and myocardial performance index (MPI).Results:At 6 months, carvedilol and nebivolol similarly improved EF (from 33±4% to 36±5%, p<0.01 and from 34±5% to 37±5%, p<0.01, inter-group p=0.30, respectively) and MPI (from 0.71±0.10 to 0.53±0.07, p<0.01 and from 0.69±0.13 to 0.52±0.08, p<0.01, intergroup p=0.45, respectively). LV diameter was reduced by a similar extent in both groups. In each group, IVCT and IVRT were significantly shortened and ET was prolonged, but there was no inter-group difference. Functional capacity improved similarly (from NYHA Class II-III to Class I-0) in both groups, as did heart rate and blood pressure. Reduction of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels was also comparable in both groups (p=0.41).Conclusion:Carvedilol and nebivolol can similarly improve LV systolic functions in non-ischemic HF patients.

Carvedilol and nebivolol have similar effects on oxidative stress status in patients with non-ischaemic HF.