The weak-value-based metrology is very promising and has attracted a lot of attention in recent years because of its remarkable ability in signal amplification. However, it is suggested that the upper limit of the precision of this metrology cannot exceed that of classical metrology because of the low sample size caused by the probe loss during postselection. Nevertheless, a recent proposal shows that this probe loss can be reduced by the power-recycling technique, and thus enhance the precision of weak-value-based metrology. Here we experimentally realize the power-recycled interferometric weak-value-based beam-deflection measurement and obtain the amplitude of the detected signal and white noise by discrete Fourier transform. Our results show that the detected signal can be strengthened by power recycling, and the power-recycled weak-value-based signal-to-noise ratio can surpass the upper limit of the classical scheme, corresponding to the shot-noise limit. This work sheds light on higher precision metrology and explores the real advantage of the weak-value-based metrology over classical metrology.
The weak-value-amplification technique has shown great importance in the measurement of tiny physical effects. Here we introduce a polarization-dependent angular velocity measurement system consisting of two Glan prisms and a true zero-order half-wave plate, where a non-Fourier-limited Gaussian pulse acts as the meter. The angular velocities measurements results agree well with theoretical predictions, and its uncertainties are bounded by the Cramér–Rao bound. We also investigate uncertainties of angular velocities for different numbers of detected photons and the smallest reliable postselection probability, which can reach
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Weak value amplification has shown its superiority in measurement of small physical effects. Here we introduce a signal-recycled weak-value-based velocity measurement strategy to decrease the attenuation of detected photons during the post-selection. Like the power-recycled scheme, we can improve the number of detected photons and signal-to-noise ratio of velocity by forming a cavity. However, optimal improvements of number of detected photons and signal-to-noise ratio cannot be obtained simultaneously in our signal-recycled scheme owing to the walk-off effect. Furthermore, we find that the reflected light is relatively strong compared with the power-recycled scheme, which may increase the collection-detection efficiency in prospective relevant experiment.
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