Various ocular signs may be present at the time of diagnosis in childhood leukemia, even in patients without any symptoms. Routine ophthalmic examination should be performed in recently diagnosed children with leukemia.

Objective: To investigate the monocyte-to-HDL-cholesterol ratio (MHR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), eosinophil-to-lymphocytes ratio (ELR), platelet distribution width (PDW), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), MPV to platelet count ratio (MPV/PC), and RDW to platelet ratio (RPR) that are accepted as inflammatory markers in patients with keratoconus. Methods: In this study, 43 patients with keratoconus and 43 healthy individuals as the control group were retrospectively evaluated. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), lymphocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, monocyte, platelet, MPV, PDW, and RDW values were obtained with complete blood count performed on the peripheral blood samples. Results: Absolute monocyte (593 ± 182 vs 492 ± 177; p < 0.05) and neutrophil (4860 ± 1553 vs 3954 ± 1297; p < 0.01) counts were statistically significantly higher in the keratoconus groups compared to the control group. MHR (13.18 ± 5.02 vs 9.88 ± 4.45; p < 0.01) and NLR (2.30 ± 0.87 vs 1.77 ± 0.61; p < 0.01) were statistically significantly higher and LMR (4.07 ± 1.67 vs 5.18 ± 2.06; p < 0.01) was significantly lower in the keratoconus group. As a result of univariate logistic regression analysis, it was observed that MHR and NLR were statistically significant relationship with keratoconus ( p = 0.02 and p = 0.021) (Odds ratio = 5.41 (95% CI: 1.169–6.669) and Odds ratio:5.28 (95% CI: 1.024–6.321); respectively). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of PLR, ELR, RDW, MPV, PDW, MPV/PC, and RPR. Adjusting for age and gender, multivariate regression analysis revealed that MHR was the most significant parameter to demonstrate relationship with keratoconus ( p = 0.025) (Odds ratio = 4.99 (95% CI: 1.019–6.332)). Conclusion: MHR and NLR values considered as inflammatory markers were statistically significantly higher and LMR value was significantly lower in the keratoconus group. Among these values, MHR was the most reliable parameter.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the 2-year results of epithelium-off pulsed-light accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking treatment in progressive keratoconus using 30 mW/cm2 ultraviolet A light for 6 min with a total dose of 5.4 J/cm2. Methods: A total of 30 eyes of 22 patients with documented progressive keratoconus and treated with epithelium-off pulsed-light accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking using the KXL® crosslinking device (Avedro Inc, Waltham, MA, USA) were included in this retrospective study. Corneal tomographic measurements and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity were compared using analysis of variance with repeated measurements between the baseline visit (before the corneal collagen crosslinking treatment), and the sixth month, first, and second year visits. Results: Flat keratometry (K1), steep keratometry (K2), and mean keratometry (Km) decreased significantly at sixth month, first, and second years ( p < 0.001, p = 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Maximum keratometry (Kmax) decreased from 55.40 ± 4.90 D at baseline to 54.82 ± 4.68 D, 54.80 ± 5.12 D, and 54.65 ± 5.36 D at sixth month, first year, and second year, respectively ( p = 0.007). The best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.34 ± 0.24 logMAR at baseline to 0.25 ± 0.16 logMAR, 0.22 ± 0.15 logMAR, and 0.17 ± 0.13 logMAR at sixth month, first year, and second year, respectively ( p < 0.001). At the second year visit, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity remained stable (no lines lost) with respect to the baseline in 8 eyes and increased 1 or more lines in 22 eyes. Conclusion: Pulsed-light accelerated corneal collagen crosslinking using 30 mW/cm2 ultraviolet A light for 6 min with a total dose of 5.4 J/cm2 is an effective treatment modality in cases with progressive keratoconus—it stops progression at 2 years also regresses some of the cases.

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Amaç: Konjonktiva; çeşitli neoplastik yada nonneoplastik lezyonların gelişebileceği bir bölgedir. Bu çalışmada amaç konjonktival lezyonların histopatolojik olarak analizini yapmak ve prevalansını tespit etmektir. Gereçler ve Yöntem: 2009-2019 yılları arasında patoloji laboratuarına gelen 401 olguya ait konjonktiva biyopsileri retrospektif olarak incelendi. Olgular nonneoplastik ve neoplastik lezyonlar olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Neoplastik lezyonlar benign, premalign ve malign lezyonlar olarak alt gruplara bölündü. Lezyonların görülme oranları ile gruplara göre yaş ve cinsiyet dağılımı analiz edildi. Bulgular: 401 olguya ait serimizde yaş ortalaması 49.89±21.75 olup olguların 209 (%52.1) u erkek, 192 (%47.9) i kadın idi. 296 (%73.8) olguda nonneoplastik,105 (%26.2) olguda neoplastik lezyon tespit edildi. Nonneoplastik lezyonlarda yaş ortalaması 50.79±19.34, neoplastik lezyonlarda ise 47.34±27.39 idi. Neoplastik lezyonlardan 64'ü (% 60.2) benign, 17'si (%16.2) premalign, 24'ü (%22.6) malign idi. Pterygium (n:220; %54.78) en sık görülen nonneoplastik lezyon, nevüsler ve diğer pigmente lezyonlar (n:38; %9.5) en sık görülen benign lezyon, skuamöz hücreli karsinom (n:14; %3.5) ise en sık görülen malign lezyon olarak tespit edildi. Neoplastik lezyonların görülme sıklığı 45 yaş üzerinde anlamlı olarak artmakta idi (p<0.05). Sonuç: Pterygium en sık görülen nonneoplastik lezyon olsada özellikle ileri yaşlarda tespit edilen konjonktival lezyonlarda skuamöz hücreli karsinom ihtimalinin artmış olduğu akılda bulundurulmalıdır.

Significant reductions in corneal SBNP parameters and average peripapillary RNFL thickness were observed in the eyes of patients receiving PRP for the treatment of ischemic CRVO.

Purpose To investigate the correlation between the daily relative search volume (RSV) of keywords related to coronavirus and ocular symptoms, and the numbers of the daily coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) new cases and new deaths in Europe using Google Trends (GT). Methods The RSVs of the selected keywords related to coronavirus and ocular symptoms between 24 January and 1 June 2020 in the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany and Turkey were accessed from GT. The numbers of daily COVID-19 new cases and new deaths in the same time interval in the aforementioned countries were compared with the RSVs of the keywords and terms. Results The United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Turkey were the most affected countries from the COVID-19 pandemic in Europe. In these countries, statistically significant and strong correlations were found between the daily RSVs of most keywords related to coronavirus and ocular symptoms, and the daily numbers of COVID-19 new cases and new deaths ranging from 0.175 to 0.807. Conclusions Ocular symptoms are not the frequent signs of COVID-19, but the ocular surface is a possible route for the transmission of COVID-19. The preliminary outcomes of this study demonstrated that there are significant correlations with the ocular symptoms and COVID-19. The news about the relation of eye and COVID-19 in the mass media may have influenced the Google internet search activity of the public for ocular symptoms.

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