Seed yields of 15 soybean genotypes were evaluated in three locations i.e. Bursa, Samsun and Konya under main crop conditions through summer seasons from 2014 to 2016. The used design was a randomized complete block design with four replications. This research is aimed to estimate the stability parameters of seed yield of 15 soybean genotypes by used different stability analysis methods over nine environmental conditions and to study interrelationship among these stability methods. Genotypes, environments and genotype by environment interactions (GEI) played a significant role in terms of seed yield in this study. The genotypes KAMD 03, BATEM 306, BDUS 04, ARISOY and ATAEM 07 had higher seed yields and regression coefficient values above 1.0. These genotypes are sensitive to environmental variations and would be suggested for cultivation under favourable conditions, whereas KAMD 01, KASM 02 and KASM 03 with bi<1 and lowest average yields were poorly adapted across unfavourable environment conditions. The genotype BDSA 05 having regression coefficient below 1.0 and higher seed yield than average yield were goodly adapted to unfavourable environment conditions. The results of most parametric and non-parametric stability analyses showed that genotypes BDUS 04, KASM 02, KASM 03, KAMD 03 and BDSA 05 were stable genotypes. These genotypes were demonstrated superior adaptability with high yield performances in many environments. Results of correlation analysis indicated that seed yield was significantly correlated with Ri 2 (P<0.05), Si(3) (P<0.05), Di (P<0.01), Si(6) (P<0.01), TOP (P<0.01) and showed a negative and significant correlation with Pi and RS (P<0.01). The coefficient of regression (bi) had positively significant associated with CVi, αi, Si(3) and Si(6) (P<0.01) and with the superiority parameter (TOP) (P<0.05).

The flax is one of the oldest known cultivated plants of the World that benefited from seeds and fibers. It is an important nutrient because of the rich α-linolenic acid (ALA, omega-3 fatty acid), lignans, short chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, soluble and insoluble fibers, phytoestrogenic lignans (secoisolariciresinol diglycoside-SDG), waxy and mucilage compounds, protein and antioxidant compounds. In addition, the seed contains components effective in reducing cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, digestive system, urinary tract disorders, osteoporosis, cancer, arthritis, autoimmune and neurological diseases. Seed protein content varies between 20-30%, of which approximately 80% consists of globulins and 20% glutelines. The amino acid level is so rich and gluten-free. The unconscious consumption of seed may cause toxicity due to trypsin, myo-inositol phosphate inhibitors, cadmium and cyanogenic glycosides in the seed. The seed should be consumed as milled flour after absolute heat treatment. Side effects may be seen in pregnant and young men due to hormonal effects of lignan. It may be oxidized shortly after grinding due to the fatty acids present in the seed. Flax fibers (Linen) have been used in house and fabric textiles, sailing and tent making since 7040 BC. The fibers are gold-yellow in color, the qualitative and moisture absorption capacity is very low, easily creasing. For this reason, the linen keeps the skin cool and does not sweat. Fiber is also an important source for healthy insulation materials, biocomposites, structural application materials for automotive, contributing both to the environment and to human health. In this paper, the effects of flax on human health and methods of traditional uses in Turkey were discussed with references.

The primary objective of this study was to determine the current state of affairs of organic product suppliers in two 100% ecological bazaars of Istanbul, Turkey. The data were collected by administering a questionnaire to 58 organic product suppliers in 100% ecological bazaars of Sissle and Karta. The results show that the organic farmers have a higher educational level and are younger as compared to the conventional farmers. The primary sources of information about organic farming are other farmers and fellows. Although farmers are satisfied with organic production, it is proposed that more consumers should be aware of the benefits of organic commodities. As local organic bazaars are one of the ways of introducing organic products to consumers, increasing the numbers of such bazaars will contribute both to consumers and producers.

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is mostly grown in temperate climate conditions. The rising demand for natural fibres other than cotton has re-introduced flax cultivation in to the agenda. This situation has necessitated the acceleration of flax production research in Turkey. The purpose of this research is to discover the best seeding density for flax fibre cultivation. The trials were carried out with the Rolin flax variety at the coordinates 41°21′53″ N and 36°11′17″ E, during the winter seasons of 2018–2019 and 2019–2020, at densities of 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, and 2000 plant m−2, by using a random block design. According to the results obtained from analysis of variance, where all these charectors examined viz, years, densities, year and density interaction were found statistically significant (p < 0.01). The highest straw, fiber and seed yields per decare were measured at 2000 plant m−2 density, while as the lowest values were determined at 500 plant m−2 density. However In the interaction of year and density, the highest plant height and technical length were measured in the first year at 1750 plant m−2 density at 102.7 cm and 80.2 cm, respectively. Similarly the highest straw yield (764 kg da−1), fiber yield (198.6 kg da−1) and seed yield (133.9 kg da−1) were measured in the first year at 2000 plant m−2 density. Adequate rainfall during the rapid development stage of winter flax in April-May boosted plant height, technical length, straw, seed, and fibre yield. Although the yields were low during the second year, which was dry. While the positive significant correlation (**; p < 0.01) was found between plant density and plant height (r = 0.907 **), straw yield per decare (r = 0.981 **), seed yield per decare (r = 0.973 **), fiber yield per decare (0.978 **), technical length (r = 0.828; * p < 0.05), negative significant correlation (p < 0.01) was found between plant density and the number of secondary branches (r = −0.955 **), stem diameter (−0.955 **) and plant seed weight (r = −0.923 **). According to the data recorded in two-years. It was observed that for high straw, fiber and seed yield, 2000 plant m−2 density was appropriate for cultivating flax fiber during the winter growing period in mild climate conditions.

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This study was carried out to determine the extend of changes in erucic acid concentration of rapeseeds which were grown in Carsamba and Bafra Plains of Central Blacksea Region. In addition to field experiments, the same experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to avoid polen transfer from other sources. The first material used was 00 type rapeseed cultivars. In order to ensure a good result, the experiment sites were selected based on the intensity of other Brassica species (B. oleracea, B. rapa, B. nigra). The harvested rape seeds was the seed material of following year. Erucic acid content was measured for seeds obtained each year. The erucic acid content for three genarations showed that it was much lower than the limits for health (0.04 %)

As a class of heat shock proteins (HSP), HSP70 proteins are critical for cell growth and survival in many living organisms. They are essential protein regulators that tend to maintain cell stability through their chaperone functions. The mechanisms that HSP70 proteins develop by interacting with other proteins enable plants to develop an adaptive defense mechanism by participating in abiotic stress responses. HSP70 proteins in the rapidly developing hemp (C. sativa L.) plant in the agricultural and industrial market were studied in this study, and 16 members were identified. The phylogeny, chromosomal location, protein motifs, gene structures, orthologous relationships, 3D protein models, promoter regions, miRNA structures, gene ontology analyses and potential roles of the CsHSP70 proteins were investigated. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analyses were conducted using a publicly available RNAseq data from the hemp plant, whose biochemical reactions were examined under drought stress, and it was found that it played essential regulatory functions.

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