Introduction Acne vulgaris is an androgen-dependent disorder with excessive sebum production and proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multisystem disorder that increases the risk of diabetes mellitus, stroke, and cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to analyze the association of MetS with acne vulgaris. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 65 cases of acne vulgaris and 65 age and sex-matched controls. We used the system provided by the Indian authors for grading acne according to the clinical severity. In addition, the criteria updated according to the joint consensus of 2009 were employed for the diagnosis of MetS. Results On clinical examination, grade 2 was the most prevalent grade of acne. We observed an increased incidence of abnormal waist circumference, triglyceride, HDL, and fasting blood glucose among the cases (p<0.05). Consequently, an increased occurrence of MetS was observed in the case group (p=0.011). While comparing the mean values of the parameters, we noted a significant difference in terms of waist circumference and HDL values. An increased mean value of waist circumference was noted in the case group while an increased mean value of HDL was reported from the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion Patients with acne vulgaris have a greater chance of developing MetS. Hence, an in-depth examination of clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters that may lead to the development of MetS is necessary.
Background: Hair forms an important appendage of the body playing a significant role in an individual’s psychosocial personality. Hirsutism is the presence of terminal hair at androgen-dependent sites in a female. Hypertrichosis is excessive hair growth all over the body in a non-androgen dependent manner. Increased terminal facial hair growth leads to cosmetic embarrassment, psychological distress and a low self-esteem in women. Currently, the most effective and advanced procedure for unwanted hair removal is laser epilation. Diode laser (800-855nm) are the most frequently used for this purpose and can be used in two different modes FDP (Fast delivery pulse) and DP (delivery pulse). With this study we aim to compare the efficacy of these two modes of diode laser for facial hair reduction. Objectives: 1.To study the clinical presentation of unwanted facial hair in patients visiting the department. 2. To study the trichoscopic features of facial hair in patients. 3.To study the correlation between the endocrinal abnormalities and clinical presentation in patients with increased facial hair. 4. To study the effectiveness of two different modes of diode laser on facial hair. Methods: It is a prospective randomized control study with a total of 20 female patients in the age group of 18-50 years with complaints of unwanted facial hair. VIKINI Diode laser of wavelength 808nm will be used for treatment. Post randomization the participants will be divided into two groups, one of them will be treated with FDP (Fast delivery pulse) mode and the other with DP (delivery pulse) mode. A total of six sittings will be performed at an interval of 4 weeks. Baseline trichoscopy findings as well as trichoscopy at follow up visits at one, three and six months will be recorded. Post procedure patient satisfaction and pain assessment will be also be recorded. Expected Results: The result would be undertaken in SPSS software. This study will help in understanding which technique is superior for laser hair reduction for facial hair. Conclusion: The conclusion will be based on findings for study protocol.
Today a wide-ranging number of population in the world suffering from diseases related to nail. So, in this article, the drug delivery over nail by using nail lacquer which contain Ciclopirox drug has discussed. Trans ungual drug delivery system is related with the drug delivery over the nail which because of keratin network present into the nail. The drug delivery via nail plate which is a hard material is done due to association of several diseases into nail for e.g., onychomycosis, psoriasis, paronychia, onycholysis. These diseases occur due to some microorganisms, fungi, bacteria & parasites. There are several factors responsible for trans ungual drug delivery system such as molecular size of drug, hydrophilicity and lipophilicity of molecule, nature of vehicle, formulation effect. Nail lacquer has film formation mechanism which forms film on nail bed and drug penetrate the content into the nail plate during application. Direct penetration of the drug molecule is difficult so, for the drug delivery we use penetration enhancers. Nail lacquers deliver by many methods like physical, chemical and mechanical via nail plate. There are several medications available in the market for prophylaxis of nail diseases. Generally used medications are fluconazole, Itraconazole, butenafine are the antifungals and antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin. Now a days many brands of nail lacquer are available in market such as PENLAC, ONYLAC, NAILON, LOCERYL, ECONAIL. In this article we mostly focused on PENLAC {ciclopirox 8%} brand of nail lacquer and have mentioned some instructions related to application of nail lacquer on the nail for patient to get better topical effect.
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