The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of new advanced processes (ultrasound, ozonation, and ultraviolet) on cotton woven fabric's hydrophility and polymerization degrees, breaking strengths, whiteness, and desizing degrees. For this purpose, all trials were realized with water at 63-65°C by the aid of advanced processes. At the end of the experiments, it was noticed that advanced processes can be used in pretreatment of cotton fabrics. Ultrasonic treatment followed by ozonation gives sufficient whiteness degrees and hydrophilily values to the fabric. At the same time, treatment of cotton fabrics with new processes provides savings of thermal energy, water, and chemicals. Moreover, these processes are considered as green processes because they are ecological in certain conditions when compared with conventional processes.
Design requirements for industrial size ultrasound bath for textile treatments have been determined. For this purpose, effects of sound pressure level, bath temperature, bath volume, textile material type and hydrophility degree of fabric were examined extensively. Finite element analysis (FEA) was used to investigate spacing and alignment of the ultrasound source transducers to reach effective and homogenous acoustic pressure distribution in the bath. It was found that textile material type, bath temperature and volume led to significant changes at sound pressure level. These parameters should be taken into consideration in designing of industrial size ultrasound bath for textile treatments. Besides, wettability of textiles is highly dependent to the distance from the transducers.
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