Background: Antibacterial activity of local anesthetics especially lidocaine has been shown previously. In this study, the antibacterial effect of ketamine, a general anesthetic agent was investigated. Methods:The antibacterial effect of ketamine was studied using six different strains of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Entecoccus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) with disc diffusion method. Ciprofloxacine discs (CIP, oxoid) were used as a control to verify the methodology. Minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ketamine for these bacteria were also determined. Results: No inhibition was evident in discs containing 62.5 μg of ketamine. Ketamine 125 μg showed activity on all the bacteria tested with the exception of E. coli. The inhibition rates of Ketamine were more prominent at the doses of 250 μg and 500 μg similar to the inhibition rate of CIP.Whereas MIC and MBC values of ketamine for S. aureus and S. pyogenes were 500 μg mL
IntroductionDisseminated tuberculosis can involve several organs and clinically present with a potpourri of signs and symptoms. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of proper treatment are of great importance in preventing the later complications of the disease.Case presentationWe report a case with disseminated tuberculosis who exhibited a wide spectrum of extrapulmonary involvement. The present case had lung and lymph node tuberculosis with abscess formation and remained undiagnosed for two years. Thereafter, multiple splenic abscesses developed that necessitated splenectomy, and at the final stage, he presented with scrotal abscesses.ConclusionThis paper highlights the diverse clinical appearances of disseminated tuberculosis and the significant importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
Objectives:As soon as possible to detection of tuberculosis bacilli and to determination of their anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibilities are very important for an optimal anti-tuberculosis therapy. Therefore, two different culture methods in suspected patient samples were performed. The results of anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing of culture positive samples were examined. Materials and methods:Following the homogenization and decontamination processes, patient's samples were stained with Ziehl-Neelsen dye and each preparation were inoculated separately onto Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) and into Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) media. After incubation period, drug susceptibilities of bacillus in culture positive samples against four major antituberculosis drugs were investigated.Results: The samples obtained from 163 different patients between 2007 and 2010 years were evaluated. In all samples, it was determined that positivity of Acid Resistant Bacillus (ARB), MGIT and LJ media were 7 (4.0%), 6 (3.5%) and 7 (4.0%), respectively. MGIT method was demonstrated significantly earlier growth than LJ method the tuberculosis bacillus. All isolates were found to be sensitive to four major anti-tuberculosis drugs. Conclusion:In our study, MGIT method was found to be superior to LJ media because of its quick result and drug resistance was not determined in all isolates. J Clin Exp Invest 2012; 3(2): 240-244 Key words: Tuberculosis, culture techniques, drug resistance ÖZET Amaç: Tüberküloz hastalığında, basilin kısa sürede saptanması ve izolatın anti-tüberküloz ilaçlara karşı duyarlı-lığının belirlenmesi, tedavi için çok önemlidir. Bu amaçla şüpheli hasta örneklerinin farklı iki yöntemle kültürü yapıl-mış ve üreme saptanan örneklerde anti-tüberküloz ilaçla-ra duyarlılık testi sonuçları irdelenmiştir. Gereç ve yöntem:Çalışmada hasta örnekleri homojenizasyon ve dekontaminasyon işlemlerinden sonra ZielhNeelsen boyası ile boyandı. Her bir örnek LowensteinJensen (LJ) ve Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) besiyerlerine inoküle edildi. İnkübasyon periyodunu takiben üreme saptanan örneklerdeki basillerin dört majör anti-tüberküloz ilaca karşı duyarlılıkları araştırıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmada 2007-2010 yılları arasında 163 farklı hastadan alınan örnekler değerlendirildi. Tüm örnek-lerde; Aside Dirençli Basil (ARB) pozitifliğinin 7 (%4.0), MGIT pozitifliğinin 6 (%3.5), LJ pozitifliğinin 7 (%4.0) olduğu tespit edildi. MGIT yöntemi tüberküloz basillerini LJ yöntemine göre belirgin olarak daha kısa sürede saptadı. İzole edilen bütün suşların dört major anti-tüberküloz ilaca duyarlı olduğu bulundu.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda; MGIT yönteminin tüberküloz basilini belirlemede LJ kültürüne belirgin şekilde üstünlük sağladığı saptandı ve üreyen suşlarda anti-tüberküloz ilaçlara karşı direnç belirlenmedi.Anahtar kelimeler: Tüberküloz, kültür teknikleri, ilaç direnci
Calcium phosphate is deposited in many diseases, but the molecular basis of mineralization remains largely unknown. Biomineralizied calcifications that are formed by calcium deposits are also detected in breast mammograms. Some of the detected microcalcifications are thought to be related with malignancy. Taken together, calcifying nanoparticles (CNP) may be thought as a source of malign calcifications in breast cancers. The aim of the study is to research the presence of CNP in breast tumor tissue. With this aim, the presence of CNP was investigated by culturing 16 patients' breast tumor tissue and from 2 pathologic tissues with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their growth was monitored by optical density (OD) at a wavelength of 650 nm. CNP couldn't be found in the analysed tissues. The presence of CNP in the breast tumor tissue was researched for the first time. We could not find CNP in the breast tumor tissue, but we think this research will open a new field of study for researchers.
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