The symptoms of an illness that requires chemotherapy and the corresponding effects of such treatment exacerbate the pain and discomfort that patients typically experience. Listening to music may help patients cope with chemotherapy symptoms, thereby contributing to their physical ease and well-being. Seventy patients who were receiving treatment at the outpatient chemotherapy unit were invited to participate in this work. During chemotherapy sessions and the week after the sessions, the patients listened to music with headphones. The occurrence of chemotherapy symptoms such as pain, tiredness, nausea, depression, anxiety, drowsiness, lack of appetite, not feeling well, and shortness of breath in the intervention group was statistically significant after listening to music ( p < .05). Improvements in total general comfort, as well as physical, psychospiritual, and sociocultural comfort, were also statistically significant ( p < .05). These findings indicate that listening to music effectively reduces the severity of chemotherapy symptoms and enhances the comfort of patients receiving the treatment.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 infection is transmitted easily and quickly, and nurses constitute the riskiest group of healthcare workers. Therefore, they may experience high levels of stress and sleep problems. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the stress levels and sleep quality of nurses working during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was conducted with 316 nurses working in a pandemic hospital in a city center. A descriptive form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were used to collect data. RESULTS: A positive, moderately significant correlation was found between the average PSQI score of nurses and the average perceived stress score (p≤0.001). Multiple regressions determined that shift work, stress level, a coworker having COVID-19, being out of home due to the risk of transmission, and having a person older than 65 in the home were effective predictors of sleep quality (R2 = 33.5, p≤0.001). Age, years worked, fear of infecting the family with COVID-19, receiving COVID-19 education, regular nutrition, and sleep quality were effective predictors of stress level (R2 = 32.2, p≤0.001). CONCLUSION: It was determined that nurses have low sleep quality and high stress levels during the pandemic process.

Background The use of smartphones among young people is quite common. However, smartphones are associated with negative effects when used excessively. It has been reported that smartphone use may adversely affect learning in the classroom, cause safety issues, and negatively affect interpersonal communications. Purpose The aims of this study were to determine the level of smartphone addiction among nursing and medical school students and to examine the effect of smartphone addiction level on communication skills. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with medical school and nursing students at a public university (502 participants). Data were collected using a personal information form, the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV), and the Communication Skills Assessment Scale. Results All of the participants in the study owned smartphones. Most (70.9%) were female, and 58.2% were in the nursing program. The participants used smartphones for a mean time of 5.07 ± 3.32 hours a day, primarily for messaging. The mean total SAS-SV score for the participants was 31.89 ± 9.90, and a significant difference in SAS-SV mean scores was found with regard to the variables of department, gender, daily smartphone use duration, academic success, status regarding smartphone use in the classroom, participation in sports, easy communication with patients and relatives, preferred mode of communication, health problems tied to phone use, and injury status (p < .05). In addition, a positive weak-to-moderate relationship was found between SAS-SV mean scores and the variables of daily smartphone use duration and years of smartphone use, whereas a negative weak relationship was found between SAS-SV mean scores and Communication Skills Assessment Scale scores. Daily smartphone use duration was found to be the most important predictor of smartphone addiction. Conclusions/Implications for Practice Higher SAS-SV scores have a negative impact on interpersonal communication and social life and reduce learning efficacy in students. Therefore, students and lecturers should be better informed regarding the benefits and risks of smartphone use in education, with precautions provided against excessive and needless use.

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Bu araştırma hemşirelik öğrencilerinin kültürlerarası duyarlılık ve etnik merkezcilik düzeylerini, etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla planlandı. Materyal-Metot: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma bir üniversitenin hemşirelik bölümünde gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmada Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Kültürlerarası Duyarlılık Ölçeği (KDÖ) ve Etnik Merkezcilik Ölçeği (EMÖ) kullanıldı. Araştırma Ocak-Mart 2018 tarihlerinde araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 460 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile yürütüldü. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20,56±1,62 olup, öğrencilerin %86,3'ü kadın idi. Öğrencilerin %72,4'ü hemşireliği isteyerek seçtiğini, %51,5'i başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı istediğini, %54,1'i başka kültürlerde arkadaşı olduğunu belirtti. Öğrencilerin KDÖ puan ortalaması 76,67±7,27 ve EMÖ puan ortalaması ise 55,40±6,68 idi. Öğrencilerin cinsiyet, başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı isteme ve başka kültürlerden arkadaşı olma durumuna göre KDÖ ve EMÖ puanları arasında anlamlı fark bulundu. Ayrıca öğrencilerin KDÖ ve EMÖ puanları arasında negatif yönde anlamlı ilişki belirlendi. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin kültürlerarası duyarlılık düzeylerinin ortalamanın üzerinde ve etnik merkezcilik düzeylerinin ise ortalamanın altında olduğu saptandı. KDÖ puan ortalaması kadın öğrencilerde, başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı isteyen, başka kültürlerden arkadaşı olan öğrencilerde daha yüksek idi. EMÖ puan ortalaması ise erkek öğrencilerde, başka kültürlerle bir arada olmayı istemeyen, başka kültürlerden arkadaşı olmayan öğrencilerde daha yüksek idi. Öğrencilerin kültürlerarası duyarlılıkları arttıkça etnik merkezcilik düzeylerinin azaldığı belirlendi. Sağlık ekibinin bir üyesi olacak hemşirelik öğrencilerinin henüz öğrencilik dönemlerinde kültürler arası duyarlılık düzeylerinin desteklenmesi önerilmektedir.

Sonuç beklenen düzeyde de¤il ise birey olumsuz duygular yaflar ve ifl doyumu düzeyi düflük, iflinden memnun olmayan, daha ve-rimsiz ve mutsuz bir çal›flan ortaya ç›kmaktad›r (Arslan ve Erbay, 2017). Bununla birlikte ifl yaflam›ndaki doyumun, ifl d›fl› yaflamdaki doyumu da olumlu etkiledi¤i bilinmektedir. Özellikle de çal›flanlar›n iflinden ailesine, ailesinden ifline yönelik sorun-lar›, ifl doyumu düzeyleri üzerinde etkili olabilmektedir (F›rat ve Cula, 2016). Bireyin hayat›nda büyük öneme sahip iki alan olan ifl ve aile hayat›, bireyin sa¤l›¤› ve üretkenli¤i üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahiptir (Polatç› ve Keser, 2017; Schieman ve Young, 2010). Son zamanlarda ifl ve aile alanlar›, modern çal›flma flekilleri ve paylafl›lan bilgi teknolojilerinden dolay› daha s›n›rs›z hale gelmifltir (Albertsen, Persson, Garde ve Rugulies, 2010; Shin ve Yung, 2014). Yap›lacak daha fazla iflin olmas›, yap›lan iflte da-

Objective: This study was performed in order to examine the clinical stress levels of nursing students during their first clinical practice and their stress coping styles.Methods: This descriptive study was performed with 91 freshmen in the nursing department of Namık Kemal University who experienced clinical practice for the first time. Data was collected using a student identification form, the clinical stress questionnaire and the stress-coping patterns scale. Results:The students' mean age was 19.94±2.91. The mean stress score of the students during their first clinical experience was found to be 29.16±7.92. When the stress coping styles of the students were examined, their mean self-confidence approach score was 2.93±0.54, their seeking social support score was 2.73±0.48, their optimistic approach score was 2.68±0.61, their helpless/self-accusatory approach score was 2.17±0.50, and their submissive approach score was 1.84±0.44. Conclusion:The clinical stress levels of the students were found to be low and the students were found to use the confident approach most in coping with stress.

Travmatik bir olay yaşadığını belirten öğrencilerin RÖGÖ, GÖBÖ ve SUÖ puan ortalamaları diğer öğrencilere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Ailesinde şiddetli kavga, tartışma yaşamadığını belirten öğrencilerin RÖGÖ ve GÖBÖ puan ortalamaları diğer öğrencilere göre anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p<0,05). Ölçekler arasındaki ilişki incelendiğinde SUÖ ile RÖGÖ ve GÖBÖ arasında pozitif yönde orta düzeyde, RÖGÖ ve GÖBÖ arasında ise pozitif yönde zayıf düzeyde ilişki saptandı. SONUÇ: Çalışmanın sonucunda, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin travmatik olaylar ve aile içi şiddetli kavga ve tartışma deneyimlemelerinin özyeterlilik, umut ve öğrenilmiş güçlülük üzerinde önemli etkisi olduğu görüldü. Öğrencilerin öğrenilmiş güçlülük düzeyleri arttıkça umut ve özyeterliliklerinin de arttığı anlaşıldı.