High throughput screening of live cells is a crucial technology that allows for the parallel functional evaluation of the influence of multiple factors on cell behavior and phenotype. In the last years due to the rapid expansion of bioinformatics and genomic tools, increasing throughput and decreasing screening costs became an essential milestone for research in this field. In current study we present a Droplet-Array (DA) Sandwich Technology add reagents at any time point and retrieve the cells after culturing; (h) compatibility with standard screening microscopes. In the current study we demonstrate that DA Sandwich Chip can be applied for performing drug screens and gene overexpression experiments with 3 commonly used adherent cell lines and therefore can be adopted for various cell-based screening applications.

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In this review, we describe different methods of microarray fabrication based on the use of micro-particles/-beads and point out future tendencies in the development of particle-based arrays. First, we consider oligonucleotide bead arrays, where each bead is a carrier of one specific sequence of oligonucleotides. This bead-based array approach, appearing in the late 1990s, enabled high-throughput oligonucleotide analysis and had a large impact on genome research. Furthermore, we consider particle-based peptide array fabrication using combinatorial chemistry. In this approach, particles can directly participate in both the synthesis and the transfer of synthesized combinatorial molecules to a substrate. Subsequently, we describe in more detail the synthesis of peptide arrays with amino acid polymer particles, which imbed the amino acids inside their polymer matrix. By heating these particles, the polymer matrix is transformed into a highly viscous gel, and thereby, imbedded monomers are allowed to participate in the coupling reaction. Finally, we focus on combinatorial laser fusing of particles for the synthesis of high-density peptide arrays. This method combines the advantages of particles and combinatorial lithographic approaches.

Peptide microarrays serve as a high-throughput tool for the readout of protein-peptide interactions. We present a multi-step purification of high-complexity peptide microarrays by transfer to specialized surfaces. Only correctly synthesized peptides are transferred from the synthesis surface to various substrates where they can be immobilized by a variety of different anchor molecules. Here, we demonstrate the transfer to rigid streptavidin, epoxide, gold, and azide surfaces. The reported method reduces the cost of purified peptide array production through the reproduction of one array several times

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