Over the past three months, the world has faced an unprecedented health hazard. The World Health Organization has announced a pandemic infection with an unknown species of coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. Spreading mainly through the droplet route, the virus causes mild symptoms in the majority of cases, the most common being: fever (80%), dry cough (56%), fatigue (22%) and muscle pain (7%); less common symptoms include a sore throat, a runny nose, diarrhea, hemoptysis and chills. A life-threatening complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection is an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which occurs more often in older adults, those with immune disorders and co-morbidities. Severe forms of the infection, being an indication for treatment in the intensive care unit, comprise acute lung inflammation, ARDS, sepsis and septic shock. The article presents basic information about etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostics (with particular emphasis on the importance of tomocomputer imaging), clinical picture, treatment and prevention of the infection. It goes on to emphasize the specific risks of providing anesthesiology and intensive care services. Due to the fact that effective causal treatment is not yet available and the number of infections and deaths increases day by day, infection prevention and strict adherence to recommendations of infection control organizations remain the basis for fighting the virus.
Fasting prior to surgery can cause dehydration and alter hemodynamics. This study aimed to determine the impact of a carbohydrate-enriched drink (NutriciaTM Pre-op®) on selected hemodynamical parameters, measured in a non-invasive manner. We enrolled 100 healthy volunteers and measured their weight, height, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), thoracic fluid content (TFC), thoracic fluid index (TFCI), stroke volume (SV), stroke volume variation (SVV), stroke index (SI), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), heather index (HI), systolic time ration (STR), systemic time ratio index (STRI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) by a Niccomo™ device, implementing the impedance cardiography (ICG) method. Measurements were performed at the beginning of the study, and after 10 h and 12 h. We randomly allocated participants to the control group and the pre-op group. The pre-op group received 400 mL of Nutricia™ preOp®, as suggested in the ERAS guidelines, within 10 h of the study. Student’s t-test or the Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare the two groups, and p < 0.05 was considered significant. We did not observe any changes in hemodynamical parameters, blood pressure, and heart rate between the groups. We have proven that carbohydrate-enriched drink administration did not have a significant impact on the hemodynamical parameters of healthy volunteers.
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