Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) R. Schodde (Monimiaceae) is a native tree widespread in the forest areas in the south of Chile and Argentina, known for its medicinal properties and excellent wood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition of L. philippiana leaf and bark essential oils (EOs) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and to quantify its anti-oomycete activity, specifically against
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8034Saprolegnia parasitica and S. australis. Only six components were identified in leaf EO, 96.92% of which are phenylpropanoids and 3.08% are terpenes. As for bark EO, 29 components were identified, representing 67.61% for phenylpropanoids and 32.39% for terpenes. Leaf EO was characterized mainly by safrole (96.92%) and β-phellandrene (1.80%). Bark EO was characterized mainly by isosafrole (30.07%), safrole (24.41%), eucalyptol (13.89%), methyleugenol (7.12%), and eugenol (6.01%). Bark EO has the most promising anti-Saprolegnia activity, with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 30.0 µg/mL against mycelia growth and a minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) value of 50.0 μg/mL against spores; for leaf EO, the MIC and MFC values are 100 and 125 µg/mL, respectively. These findings demonstrate that bark EO has potential to be developed as a remedy for the control of Saprolegnia spp. in aquaculture.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of phenolic, flavonoid, and anthraquinones from sequential extracts (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) of Embothrium coccineum leaves on the antioxidant capacity, cell viability, and toxicity of the same, in order to find possible sources for novel antioxidants for food and pharmaceutical formulations. Antioxidant potential of sequential extracts was analyzed by five different assays: 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity assay (DPPH), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (H2O2), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP). An in vitro growth inhibition assay was performed using sulphorhodamine dye to quantify cell viability, while an in vivo brine shrimp lethality test was used to quantify toxicity. The dichloromethane extract has a greater efficiency in scavenging free radicals, combined with low toxicity, and no effect exhibited on healthy cells, compared to observations for the other extracts tested. Further research is in progress to identify and separate the active compounds of active extracts and investigate the protective effect of extracts on human dermal fibroblast injury induced by hydrogen peroxide.
Se estudiaron 13 casos humanos de dermatofitosis con antecedentes de manejo de ganado, uno inter-humano y 81 bovinos de diferentes orígenes, aislándose Trichophyton verrucosum en todas las personas y en el 98,7% de los terneros.
Resumen: Este artículo busca analizar las formas de interacción que los miembros de las ordenes misionales, especialmente franciscanos y jesuitas de Quito y Popayán, tuvieron con los comerciantes clandestinos venidos desde los dominios portugueses de América del Sur en el piedemonte andino-amazónico durante los años 1730 y 1790. De acuerdo a la desprotección militar de esta área de frontera, los misioneros tuvieron que buscar posibilidades para subsistir aunque sus actuaciones fueran claramente en contra de las políticas reformistas para la erradicación del contrabando. Según casos específicos se muestran cuáles fueron los desarrollos y las consecuencias del comercio ilícito y cómo la participación de los comerciantes portugueses en estas dinámicas ilegales nunca fue posible de erradicar debido a la complicidad de los misioneros.
En enero de 2013 vio a la luz el número 1 de Trashumante. Revista Americana de Historia Social. Esta primera edición llevaba detrás un trabajo de más de un año de preparación. Diez años después, los integrantes del equipo binacional editor de la revista hemos logrado sostener este propósito de editar semestralmente una publicación académica con un perfil de historia social. Gracias a este trabajo constante hemos logrado ser incluidos en reconocidas bases de datos e índices como Scimago (Scopus) y Publindex, entre otras. Incluso, Scimago nos clasificó en el nivel Q1 en la última evaluación realizada.
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