An increase in economic development and globalization has led to an increase in Korean consumer expectations of socially responsible businesses. Nevertheless, Korean consumers are not highly aware of social responsibility issues in regard to their consumption nor are they conscious of current socially responsible activities by the corporations from which they are purchasing. Therefore, social responsibility practitioners need to understand the function of consumers' perceived effectiveness in encouraging socially responsible purchasing in order to build strategic marking performance. The authors examine whether Korean consumers care about social responsibility by considering the relationship of perceived consumer effectiveness, motivational attitudes, and socially responsible purchase behavior. This study discovers the differential issues of personal attitude and social attitude on consumers' ethical behavior. Implications and limitations are discussed.

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Purpose -The purpose of this paper is to assess whether tourist shopper segments are an attractive market for shopping centers. This research aims to explore whether or not tourist shoppers are more satisfied than resident shoppers with their shopping experience and whether tourist shoppers have the intention to spend more than their resident shopper counterparts. Design/methodology/approach -Data for this report come from personal face-to-face mall intercepts of shoppers (n ¼ 578) in two new generation malls (West Edmonton Mall and Mall of America in Bloomington) and two heritage-destination (Pier 39 in San Francisco and Forum Shops in Las Vegas) centers. Findings -Analysis concludes that although the shopping center and retail industry place increasing emphasis on leisure shopping and tourism, the results of this study suggest that the tourist shopper market may not be the most valuable customer group. Resident shoppers of tourist-focused shopping centers are more satisfied than tourist shoppers of those centers.Research limitations/implications -The non-random nature of the sample for this study is the primary limitation. Therefore, the results are not generalizable to the greater population of tourist focused shopping centers. Practical implications -The shopping center and retail industry place increasing emphasis on leisure shopping and tourism, but the results of this study suggest that the tourist shopper market may not be the most valuable customer group. Resident shoppers of tourist-focused shopping centers are more satisfied than tourist shoppers of those centers. These findings should encourage shopping center managers to use caution when modifying strategies to meet the needs of the tourist segment, as well as to not forget the importance of resident shoppers to their profitability. Originality/value -These findings should encourage shopping center managers to use caution when modifying strategies to meet the needs of the tourist segment, as well as to not forget the importance of resident shoppers to their profitability.

Purpose Soft skills which are a combination of personal qualities and interpersonal skills that help an employer perform their job are an increasingly important concern to businesses and academia, the purpose of this paper is to determine how students ranked the importance of soft skills and compare their rankings to retailing and tourism management faculty and businesses. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey of students, faculty and industry leaders was conducted using an existing survey instrument validated by Crawford et al. (2011). Faculty who were members of retailing and tourism management professional organizations were solicited to participate in the study. Retailing and tourism management students from the researchers’ university were sent a link to complete the survey. All participants were asked to rank the order of importance of the soft skills and their characteristics. Findings Variations in the importance of soft skills were reported between the three groups. Variations in the importance of the soft skills characteristics were also identified between the students, faculty, and industry leaders. While communication was identified as the most important soft skill by all three sample groups, experiences was the least important for students and leadership was the least important for faculty and industry leaders. Research limitations/implications A limitation of the study was the variation in the sample sizes between the student, faculty, and industry sample. The strength of this study lies in the ability to provide evidence for the need to compare soft skills research results for retailing and tourism management students. Soft skills are found to be important to all three groups, but differences indicate faculty and industry need to work together to clarify exactly what soft skills students need to successfully compete for employment in the retailing and tourism management field. Originality/value As the work world continues to change, employers seek workers who have soft skills that support their knowledge base. While technical skills are a current part of educational curricula, soft skills need to be emphasized at the university level so that students gain expertise that prepare them to be successful in this changing workplace.

This study is motivated by the lack of information about the retail industry ' s commitment to and attention given to socially responsible behaviors. The purpose of the study is to discover in what context corporate social responsibility (CSR) is being addressed within the top 100 US retail organizations. The framework of the study consists of principles of CSR, processes of CSR and outcomes of CSR. Based on this, corporate web pages were reviewed using content analysis procedure. Just over one-half of 100 US retailers mentioned CSR principles either in separate statements or embedded in mission statements. Economic statements were most common to category killers whereas discount stores predominantly mentioned philanthropic statements. In the analysis of CSR programs, social programs followed by environmental programs were most frequently mentioned. The results suggest more retail firms should be involved in communicating their social responsibility beliefs on their corporate website although previous research showed that a majority of Fortune 500 companies used their website to promote some aspects of CSR.