The present study evaluated functional changes of quadriceps muscle after injury induced by eccentric exercise. Maximal isometric torque of quadriceps and the surface electromyography (root mean square, RMS, and median frequency, MDF) of the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles were examined before, immediately after and during the first 7 days after injury. Serum creatine kinase (CK) levels and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to identify muscle injury. The subject was used as her own control and percent refers to pre-injury data. Experiments were carried out with a sedentary 23-year-old female. Injury was induced by 4 bouts of 15 maximal isokinetic eccentric contractions (angular velocity of 5º/s; range of motion from 40º to 110º of knee flexion). The isometric torque of the quadriceps (knee at 90º flexion) decreased 52% immediately after eccentric exercise and recovered on the 5th day. The highest reduction of RMS occurred on the 2nd day after injury in both VL (63%) and VMO (66%) and only VL recovered to the pre-injury level on the 7th day. Immediately after injury, the MDF decreased by 5 and 3% (VMO and VL, respectively) and recovered one day later. Serum CK levels increased by 109% on the 2nd day and were still increased by 32% on the 7th day. MRI showed large areas of injury especially in the deep region of quadriceps. In conclusion, eccentric exercise decreased the isometric torque and electromyographic signals of quadriceps muscle, which were recovered in one week, despite the muscle regeneration signals.
Introduction The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is one of the most utilized cardiac assist devices. Patients receiving IABP therapy are typically managed in high acuity clinical care areas with limited bed space and high demand. Our center instituted a certified clinical perfusionist (CCP) led initiative to remove IABP catheters in order to reduce IABP therapy time, hasten removal and improve efficiency. Methods The purpose of the study is to compare outcomes for IABP removal by a certified clinical perfusionist to a physician. The primary outcome measures were site hematoma score and limb related complications. A survey was submitted to bedside nurses, managers/patient care coordinators, CCP’s and physicians. The IABP quality assurance database was interrogated for the study. Results There were 350 patients eligible for inclusion. The cohort was well balanced between CCP ( n = 284) and physician ( n = 66) groups for patient demographics, indication, insertion specifics and type of medical intervention. The majority of patients had no bruise or hematoma with perfusionist ( n = 246, 87%) or physician ( n = 58, 88%) ( p = 0.78) removal. The physician group demonstrated a higher rate of grade 3 hematomas ( p = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference between CCP and physician groups for limb complications and mortality. Survey results showed an improved efficiency in bed space allocation, physician workload and a decreased IABP support time. Conclusion There is no difference in limb complications between perfusionist and physician removal of IABP catheters. The survey demonstrate an improvement in resource allocation and efficiency. A perfusionist led IABP removal program can be done safely and may help improve program efficiency.
Introduction: Vacuum assisted venous drainage (VAVD) requires the sealing of the hard-shell venous reservoir, thereby creating circumstances where reservoir pressurization may occur. Manufacturers utilize integrated pressure relief valves (IPRV) to mitigate pressurization risk; however, accidents have been reported even with these devices. We have undertaken a performance evaluation of IPRV’s in a large number of hard-shell venous reservoirs. Methods: Reservoirs were sealed and gas insufflated while measuring reservoir internal pressure. Linear regression models were developed to depict the association between internal pressure and gas inflow rate. External secondary one-way valves (ESOV) were assessed for pressure mitigation performance. An assisted venous drainage survey was circulated to Canadian Clinical Perfusionists. Results: The reservoirs tested were adult ( n = 9, 64%) and pediatric ( n = 5, 36%) designs. Significant variability ( p < 0.001) in internal reservoir pressures (range: 0.04–161.41 mmHg) was observed across the titrated gas inflow rate (0.5–10.0 l/min). The regression models demonstrate excellent predictive performance (SE: 0.008–0.309). ESOV’s reduce the reservoir pressure below that of the IPRV; however, they cannot eliminate reservoir pressurization. The survey showed a majority (91%) of respondents use VAVD, and reservoir pressurization events occur regularly (18%). Conclusions: Significant variability among reservoir’s IPRV to mitigate reservoir pressurization exists. The predictive models are extremely accurate at estimating the internal pressure. ESOV performance limitations moderate their utility as a backup pressure mitigation technique. A significant number of reservoir pressurization events are occurring with the use of VAVD. As a result, standardized communication from manufacturers on the purpose and performance of IPRV is recommended in order to delineate the limitations of these devices.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.