Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and various studies have shown that people with diabetes are more prone to suffer from dry eye disease than those without diabetes. This study was undertaken with the aim to find the prevalence of dry eye disease in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus and to find the correlation between glycemic control and prevalence of dry eye. Methods: This study was carried out over a period of one year and cases of type 2 diabetes were selected from patients attending the out patient department. Diagnosis of dry eye was made if OSDI Score was more than 12 with one of the positive specific tests for dry eye. Results: A total of 180 eyes of 100 patients were included in the study. It was noted that with increasing age the chance of dry eye increase. Our study found that with increased duration of diabetes, the chance of developing dry eye increases, and poor glycemic control increases the severity of dry eye. The severity of diabetes has a positive correlation with goblet cell loss and morphological changes in conjunctival impression cytology. Conclusion: It is established in our study that there is a positive correlation between prevalence of dry eye and poor glycemic control in a patient of diabetes. Since, the prevalence of dry eye in a hospital-based study with limited sample is significant hence the prevalence in the community must be higher and needs attention.

We present the case of a bilateral branch retinal vein occlusion with reduced vision in a young patient who was on oral contraceptive pills (OCP) as sole risk factor for thrombosis. Retinal vascular occlusion is one of the most common cause of retinopathy leading to severe visual loss in all age groups. Although the exact cause and effect relationship has not been proven, the predisposing risk factors associated include sedentary life style, smoking, obesity, and some systemic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, hypertension, associated autoimmune disorders, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, bleeding or clotting disorders. In our patient, we ruled out all other risk factors after doing all pertaining investigations. The case was managed with further avoidance of oral contraceptives and intra-vitreal injections of Bevacizumab (Avastin), an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF drug).

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The aim was to compare the effectiveness between patching and non-patching in the treatment of non-infected, non-contact lens related traumatic corneal abrasions, as well as of abrasions following foreign body removal. Materials and Methods: A prospective, controlled, randomized study on 100 patients over 1 year who presented with ocular pain, with a history of trauma or foreign body removal & had corneal abrasion on fluorescein stain. Patients were randomized into two groups: with patch group (receiving an eye patch with topical antibiotics) and no patch group (topical antibiotics with no eye patch) and patients were followed up. Results: Patients with corneal abrasions healed significantly faster and relieved symptomatically in the no patch group. Conclusion:We conclude that routine use of eye patching is not effective in the healing of simple corneal abrasion.

Cysticercosis, caused by the larval form of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium is potentially harmful disease with a variable clinical manifestation. The most commonly involved sites include eye, brain, bladder wall, and heart. Ocular cysticercosis can be extraocular or intraocular and may present with varied clinical symptoms. We report the case of extraocular cysticercosis in a 20 year old female presented with right exotropia, head tilting and painful right eye. CT-scan of right orbit showed bulky medial rectus with multiple ring enhancing lesions within the muscle, suggestive of cysticercosis. It becomes important to report this case because of the relative rarity of the condition, unusual site of the cyst i.e atypical involvement of medial rectus and the young age of the patient.