Darwin, Fazil A., Ilham M., Sarbaini, Purwanto S. (2017): Kinetics on anaerobic co-digestion of bagasse and digested cow manure with short hydraulic retention time. Res. Agr. Eng., 63: 121-127.The anaerobic co-digestion of bagasse with digested cow manure was operated in 3 l semi-continuous reactor under mesophlic temperature at 34 ± 1°C. Short hydraulic retention time and high organic loading rate applied were 10 days and 3.465 kg volatile solids (VS)/m 3 .day, respectively. Anaerobic co-digestion of bagasse with digested cow manure obtained higher biogas yield (69 ml/g VS) compared with the anaerobic digestion of digested cow manure alone (20.42 ml/g.VS). Kinetic assessment revealed that the maximum specific growth rate, the maximum rate of substrate consumption, halfvelocity constant, endogenous decay constant and microbial growth yield obtained were 3.917 day -1 , 870.309 mg/mg, 15.09 mg/l , 8.1518 day -1 and 0.0193 mg/mg, respectively. This result indicated that a longer retention time was required to allow the bacterial growth.
This study aimed to set up an anaerobic treatment system for the treatment of wastewater derived from the farming of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). In this current study, anaerobic treatment of wastewater derived from the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) aquaculture was conducted in semi-continuous reactor as well as batch reactor under mesophilic condition at 35 °C. The results revealed that the semi-continuous reactors generated higher biogas yield (69.27 mL/g VS) compared with batch reactor (22.81 mL/g VS). High conversion rate of anaerobic treatment process operated in semi-continuous reactor was also represented in higher percentage of COD removal (82.6%) compared with batch reactor which was only 62.76%. After conducting anaerobic treatment process on the wastewater derived from the catfish aquaculture, some parameters including total dissolved solids (TDS), Phosphorous (P), potassium (K) and electrical conductivity (Ec) increased in both batch and semi-continuous reactors. Batch reactors showed TS, VS and COD reduced from 0.23%, 42.88% and 1440 mg/L to 0.137 ± 0.024%, 22.78 ± 19.44% and 536.32 ± 11.27 mg/L, respectively. The results obtained from semi-continuous reactor revealed that TS, VS and COD reduced from 0.23%, 42.88% and 1440 mg/L to 0.219%, 24.353% and 250.61 mg/L, respectively. This study is highly significant for the environmental protection system.
Thermal pre-treatment was given on corn stover in the purpose of breaking the lignin content; thus, it may help anaerobic microorganisms to convert polymer including cellulose and hemicelluloses into biogas. This study aimed to investigate the effects of thermal pre-treatment on corn stover in anaerobic digestion process related to the production of biogas as well as digestion process efficiency. This research was carried out by utilizing batch reactors where the temperature was maintained at mesophilic conditions above room temperature (33 ± 2 oC). Based on the result, it was known that thermal pre-treatment given on the corn stover may enhance anaerobic digestion process for biogas production at the first 10 days. This condition reduced the time of lag phase during anaerobic digestion. The biogas production of corn stover given thermal pre-treatment was slow at 26 days where their average total production were 12,412.5 mL,12,310 mL at 15 and 25 minutes thermal pre-treatment, respectively while biogas production of non pre-treated corn stover was 12,557 mL. The highest daily biogas production was accomplished by corn stover that was given thermal pre-treatment at 25 minutes (915 mL). Corn stover given with 15 minutes thermal pre-treatment also generated higher daily biogas production at day 9 (772.5 mL) compared with corn stover that was not pre-treated (405 mL). This research also revealed that corn stover given thermal pre-treatment reached higher biogas yield compared with non pre-treated corn stover where their biogas yield were 670.39, 690.65 mL/g volatile solids added at 15 and 25 minutes thermal pre- treatment respectively, and 456.37 mL/g volatile solids added of non pre-treated corn stover.Keywords: Thermal pre-treatment, corn stover, anaerobic digestion, biogas ABSTRAKThermal pre-treatment diberikan pada limbah tanaman jagung dengan tujuan untuk memecahkan kandungan lignin yang terdapat pada limbah tanaman jagung sehingga memudahkan mikroorganisme anaerobik untuk mengkonversi polimer yang berupa selulosa dan hemiselulosa menjadi biogas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan kajian mengenai penerapan thermal pre-treatment pada limbah tanaman jagung terhadap proses anaerobik digesi yang meliputi efisiensi proses digesi dan produksi biogas yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan reaktor tipe batch yang suhunya dipertahankan pada kondisi mesophilic atau di atas rata-rata suhu kamar (33 ± 2 oC). Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa thermal pre-treatment yang diberikan pada limbah tanaman jagung mampu mempercepat proses produksi biogas pada 10 hari pertama sehingga dapat mengurangi lag-phase pada proses anaerobik digesi. Limbah tanaman jagung yang diberikan thermal pre-treatment mengalami perlambatan produksi biogas pada hari ke 26 dengan rata-rata total produksi 12.412,5 mL untuk limbah tanaman jagung yang diberikan thermal pre- treatment selama 15 menit, dan 12.310 mL untuk limbah tanaman jagung yang diberikan thermal pre-treatment selama 25 menit, sedangkan limbah tanaman jagung yang tidak diberikan pre-treatment menghasilkan produksi biogas sebesar 12.557 mL pada hari ke 26. Produksi biogas harian tertinggi terjadi pada substrat yang diberikan thermal pre-treatment 25 menit, dengan produksi biogas tertinggi pada hari ke 9 dengan rata-rata produksi sebesar 915 mL. Substrat yang diberikan thermal pre-treatment 15 menit juga memproduksi biogas jauh lebih tinggi (772,5 mL) pada hari ke 9 jika dibandingkan dengan substrat tanpa diberikan pre-treatment yang hanya memproduksi biogas sebesar 405 mL. Data hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa limbah tanaman jagung yang diberikan thermal pre-treatment memperoleh biogas yield lebih tinggi dari pada yang tidak diberikan pre-treatment dimana 670,39 mL/g volatile solids untuk thermal pre- treatment 15 menit, 690,65 mL/g volatile solids untuk thermal pre-treatment 25 menit dan 456,37 mL/g volatile solids untuk limbah tanaman jagung yang tidak diberikan pre-treatment.Kata kunci: Thermal pre-treatment, limbah tanaman jagung, anaerobik digesi, biogas
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