Introduction: Platelets are routinely isolated from whole blood and stored in plasma for 5 days. The platelets undergo various storage changes starting from collection, processing to storage and the underlying conditions within the patients which may affect the therapeutic benefit to the recipient. Study aimed to assess the quality of platelets in platelet rich plasma and platelet concentrate and to evaluate the effects of storage on platelets in platelet rich plasma and platelet concentrate. Material and methods:The study was carried out in the after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The study period was six months. The samples were collected from platelet rich plasma and platelet concentrate bags under sterile conditions. Their quality was assessed using the parameters such as swirling, volume of the platelet concentrate, platelet count, WBC count and pH on day 0, day 3 and day 5 of storage.Results: A total of 64 samples were evaluated and of these 95% have fullfilled all 5 parameters of quality control with a score 5 and 5% had score 4. Thus in our study majority of the prepared units were of the desired quality. All the parameters were assessed and the results obtained on both the units were well above the values of recommended norms. Conclusion:The quality of platelet concentrates were maintained well within the usual 5 days thus an extension of platelet storage time is recommended.
BACKGROUND Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is frequently transfused to patients with mild to moderate elevations in Prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) under the twin assumptions that these tests imply a coagulopathy and that FFP transfusion will correct the coagulopathy. This study gives an insight into the pattern and appropriateness of fresh frozen plasma transfusion practice among various clinical departments. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective cohort study done for a period of 2 years from 2013 January on all FFP transfusions for mild and major coagulation abnormalities. Mild means PT 13.1 to 17 seconds and INR 1.1 to 1.85, major means, PT more than 17 seconds and INR more than 1.85. In all patients of both the groups' pre-transfusion PT INR values and post transfusion PT INR values 6 to 8 hours after FFP transfusion were assessed. RESULTS In this study among the 60 major abnormality cases, 86.7 % showed significant improvement in PT INR following FFP transfusion (p< 0.001), whereas in 60 mild cases, only 5% had significant improvement (p= 0.55). CONCLUSION The study revealed that, there was significant improvement in PT INR values after FFP transfusion in major coagulation abnormalities. In mild elevation of PT INR, FFP transfusion did not show any improvement. The study also showed that there is a widespread uncertainty about the appropriate use of FFP among our clinicians despite the existence of various guidelines, resulting in high rate of inappropriate transfusions.
BACKGROUND India is a vast country with several population groups. But minimum data is available about the frequency of different Rh blood group antigens among the Indian population, whereas no data has been reported from Kerala till date. The antigen frequency in a specific population may help us to assess the risk of antibody formation and which in turn may give direction to get an antig ennegative compatible blood for patients who have multiple red cell alloantibodies. This study was carried out to determine the frequencies of Rh blood group antigens D, C, c, E and e among 500 blood donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a descriptive study done on 500 blood donors who came to the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Govt. T. D. Medical College, Alappuzha. Samples from randomly selected blood donors of nearby areas (both voluntary and replacement) were collected for extended Rh antigen phenotyping during the one-year period of study (February 2015 to January 2016). RESULTS Among the 500 blood donors included in the study, 470 (94%) were males and 30 (6%) were females. 86.6% (n= 433) of the donors were found to be Rh D positive and the remaining 13.4% (n= 67) were Rh D negative. Most common Rh antigen observed in the study population was e (96.8%) followed by D (86.6%), C (80.8%), c (61%) and at last E (12.4%). Out of 433 Rh D positive randomly selected blood donors in the study, the most common phenotype was found to be R1R1 (39%) followed by R1r (34.6%). Among 67 Rh D negative subjects, r r was the commonest phenotype (60 out of 67). CONCLUSION This study emphasises the need for implementing Rh-phenotyping on routine blood grouping to provide antigen negative compatible blood when in demand. Rh antigenic phenotyping along with antibody identification is crucial, especially in transfusion dependent and multiparous females. It is a vital requirement of a quality transfusion service. From the different reaction pa tterns observed in this study, the prevalence of probable Rh phenotypes were assessed and it helped to create an antigen negative donor database.
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B infection is a serious global public health problem and one among the transfusion transmitted infections (TTI). The prevalence of hepatitis varies across the world. There are several risk factors for HBV infection. We wanted to find out the prevalence of HBV infection among the blood donors and its relevant risk factors. METHODS This is a descriptive study conducted among healthy, voluntary and replacement blood donors. A total of 2400 blood donors were selected for the study by systemic random sampling method. Blood samples from these donors were tested for detection of HBsAg through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to find out prevalence of infection. Various risk factors were compared among the blood donors for positive HBV infection. All statistical data were analysed using SPSS software version 16. RESULTS Total prevalence of HBV infection among the individuals of the study population was 0.45 %. When the risk factors for getting the HBV infection were analysed, unvaccinated blood donors gave a prevalence of 0.6 % (P value 0.001). Prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors with other risk factors were 0.63 % in first time donors (P value 0.04), 7.3 % in replacement blood donors (P value 0.01), 0.97 % in low socioeconomic status (0.03). Where as prevalence of infection among males was 0.49 % and females was 0.26 %. HBV infection among blood donors who were single was 0.34 % compared to married as 0.52 %. Hence the statistical analysis showed P value > 0.05, gender and marital status of the blood donors in the study is not significant for getting HBV infection. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of HBV infection among blood donors was markedly less compared to prevalence in south India which shows that donor selection criteria was satisfactory to screen the blood donors during donor selection itself. In the study HBV unvaccinated blood donors, first time donors, replacement donors, and donors from low socioeconomic status were found to be significant risk factor to get HBV infection. KEYWORDS Transfusion Transmitted Infection, Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, HBsAg, Voluntary Blood Donors, Seroprevalence, HBV Vaccine
BACKGROUND Even in the presence of sufficient voluntary blood donors, the need of blood is not met yet. We wanted to evaluate the causes that hinder the smooth functioning of well-maintained blood transfusion services (BTS). METHODS This is a population based cross-sectional study conducted among blood donors from voluntary outreach blood donation camp for period of one year. Total 1536 blood donors from 32 blood donation camps were subjected to study for the sociodemographic characteristic and their knowledge of blood donation. Statistical analysis of data was done using Microsoft Excel, analysed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) ver.16 software. RESULTS A total of 32 blood donation camps were conducted during the study period that provided 1536 donors. In most of the camps, male donors (75 %) were more than female donors. Donors of age group of 30 to 39 years (43.9 %) were more when compared to others. Donors those who were married accounted for 79.9 %. Blood donors of Hindu religion (53 %) were more. CONCLUSIONS The main hindrance for blood donor motivation is lack of knowledge. Literacy and chance to mingle in society have a positive effect on blood donor motivation. Targeting of effective donor motivation, recruitment, and retention were attained by conducting awareness classes, seminars, workshops, and visual communication modalities. KEYWORDS World Health Organization, Altruistic Blood Donor, Blood Transfusion Services, Transfusion Transmitted Infections, Blood Components and Plasma Derivatives, Director General of Health Services (DGHS), National Blood Transportation Council (NBTC)
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