Introduction: Platelets are routinely isolated from whole blood and stored in plasma for 5 days. The platelets undergo various storage changes starting from collection, processing to storage and the underlying conditions within the patients which may affect the therapeutic benefit to the recipient. Study aimed to assess the quality of platelets in platelet rich plasma and platelet concentrate and to evaluate the effects of storage on platelets in platelet rich plasma and platelet concentrate. Material and methods:The study was carried out in the after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The study period was six months. The samples were collected from platelet rich plasma and platelet concentrate bags under sterile conditions. Their quality was assessed using the parameters such as swirling, volume of the platelet concentrate, platelet count, WBC count and pH on day 0, day 3 and day 5 of storage.Results: A total of 64 samples were evaluated and of these 95% have fullfilled all 5 parameters of quality control with a score 5 and 5% had score 4. Thus in our study majority of the prepared units were of the desired quality. All the parameters were assessed and the results obtained on both the units were well above the values of recommended norms. Conclusion:The quality of platelet concentrates were maintained well within the usual 5 days thus an extension of platelet storage time is recommended.
BACKGROUND Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) is frequently transfused to patients with mild to moderate elevations in Prothrombin time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR) under the twin assumptions that these tests imply a coagulopathy and that FFP transfusion will correct the coagulopathy. This study gives an insight into the pattern and appropriateness of fresh frozen plasma transfusion practice among various clinical departments. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a prospective cohort study done for a period of 2 years from 2013 January on all FFP transfusions for mild and major coagulation abnormalities. Mild means PT 13.1 to 17 seconds and INR 1.1 to 1.85, major means, PT more than 17 seconds and INR more than 1.85. In all patients of both the groups' pre-transfusion PT INR values and post transfusion PT INR values 6 to 8 hours after FFP transfusion were assessed. RESULTS In this study among the 60 major abnormality cases, 86.7 % showed significant improvement in PT INR following FFP transfusion (p< 0.001), whereas in 60 mild cases, only 5% had significant improvement (p= 0.55). CONCLUSION The study revealed that, there was significant improvement in PT INR values after FFP transfusion in major coagulation abnormalities. In mild elevation of PT INR, FFP transfusion did not show any improvement. The study also showed that there is a widespread uncertainty about the appropriate use of FFP among our clinicians despite the existence of various guidelines, resulting in high rate of inappropriate transfusions.
Background: Researchers have studied the hemodynamic effect of hemorrhage widely but the biochemical alternations after blood loss are less explored. Knowledge about changes in electrolyte values after blood donation may help in assessing the effect on large quantity donations or massive hemorrhage. It may also be beneficial in donor counseling and reassurance. Aims and Objectives: Primary objective of the study was to quantify changes in plasma sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and albumin before and after blood donation. Materials and Methods: Predonation electrolyte and albumin levels were tested in all study subjects as baseline and repeated after 45 min of completed blood donation. Both values were compared with paired t test in SPSS version 17. Results: After 45 min of donating 350 ml whole blood, no significant changes were observed in sodium and potassium levels. Reduction in calcium, magnesium, and albumin was 0.188 mg/dL, 0.0328 mg/dl, and 0.193 g/dl, respectively, which were statistically significant. About 15% of the blood donors were already deficient in magnesium. Conclusions: Calcium, magnesium, and albumin levels were reduced after blood donation but well maintained within the normal level and most of the donors had normal predonation levels. Hence, in large volume or repeated plasma donation and massive blood loss, baseline evaluation, and monitoring of these parameters may be worthwhile.
BACKGROUND Haemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn (HDFN) is characterised by lysis of red blood cells resulting in anaemia and its hypoxic effects thereafter. Following anaemia, the production of fetal red blood cells is drastically increased. This is followed by extramedullary haematopoiesis in a widespread manner and erythroblastosis characterized by nucleated red cells in the circulation. Since this is an illness affecting many a newborn, assessing the patterns of anaemia in both ABO and Rh-D HDFN may help in effective planning and implementation of better management protocols. METHODS This is a cross sectional study with comparative analysis. The study was performed among 154 neonates who were diagnosed to have HDFN. Setting for this study was Department of Transfusion Medicine and Pediatrics of Government Medical College, Trivandrum. During the time of delivery, 5 mL umbilical cord blood was collected. That sample was used for analyzing haemoglobin levels of the neonate. Duration of treatment of the neonate was noted down during follow up. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software version 16. RESULTS The mean cord blood haemoglobin value in ABO haemolytic disease was 17.1 ± 2.7 g %. The mean cord blood haemoglobin value in Rh-D haemolytic disease was 14.5 ± 1.9 g %. In infants with ABO haemolytic disease, 53 (48.2 %) had undergone no treatment in ICU. Remaining 51.8 % had undergone 3 - 10 days of treatment in neonatal ICU. Infants with Rh-D HDFN 20 (45.5 %), had undergone no treatment in ICU. Remaining 54.5 % has got 3 - 9 days of treatment in neonatal ICU. Mean treatment duration in infants with ABO haemolytic disease was 3.1 ± 3.3 days. Mean treatment duration in infants with Rh-D haemolytic disease was 2.9 ± 2.9 days. A comparison of mean values of cord blood haemoglobin in neonates with both categories of haemolytic disease was performed. The p value was 0.00 and it was significant. Mean values of duration of treatment of neonates with ABO and Rh-D haemolytic anaemias were compared statistically. No significant difference was observed. CONCLUSIONS Mean haemoglobin levels in Rh-D HDFN showed a significant decrease as compared to ABO-HDFN. Duration of treatment in ABO HDFN and Rh-D HDFN presented no significant difference. KEYWORDS Haemolytic Disease of Fetus and Newborn, Umbilical Cord Haemoglobin, Anaemia, ICU Stay, ABO HDFN, Rh-D HDFN
BACKGROUNDThe potency of anti-A and anti-B was determined by racial and environmental factors. With respect to ethnic groups, the prevalence and intensity of maternal-newborn ABO incompatibility varied in different populations. The aim of this study is to describe the immunological profile of ABO HDFN. Settings and Design-This was a descriptive study conducted in neonates with ABO HDFN. Research was conducted in Depts. of Transfusion Medicine and Neonatology division of Paediatrics in Govt. Medical College, Trivandrum. MATERIALS AND METHODSThose neonates who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study. Demographic details, maternal details, bilirubin and haemoglobin levels were recorded. Investigations such as maternal blood grouping and antibody titration were done. In infant's blood sample direct antiglobulin test, blood grouping and elution was performed.Statistical Analysis-All statistical data were analysed using SPSS software version 16. RESULTSAmong mothers of infants with ABO HDFN 25 (22.7%) had a titre of 128, 34 (30.9%) had 256, 35 (31.8%) had 512 and 16 (14.6%) had 1024. Among 110 infants 34 (30.9%) were DAT positive, while the rest 76 (69.1%) were DAT negative. While DAT positive was graded 13 (11.8%) fell in grade 1, 16 (14.6%) in grade 2, 3 (2.7%) in grade 3 and 2 (1.8%) in grade 4 categories. Eluate from 59 (53.6%) of infants with ABO HDFN gave a positive result, while the rest 51 (46.4%) gave a negative result. Out of that 59 (53.6%) elution positive infants, 34 (30.9%) had a positive DAT and 25 (22.7%) had a negative DAT; 51 (46.4%) of infants were negative for both elution and DAT. CONCLUSIONMothers of infants with ABO HDFN had an antibody titre of 128 -1024. Almost one-third of infants were DAT positive and majority fell in grade 1 or 2. Eluate from half of infants gave a positive result.
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