In recent years, motor vehicles industry has shown a tendency of replacing electromechanical components by mechatronic systems with intelligent and autonomous properties. The integration of hardware components and implementation of advance control function characterize this replacement. In this paper, we have applied the system approach and system engineering methods in the initial phase of vehicle active suspension development. An emphasis has been placed upon the interrelations between computer-aided simulation and other elements of the development process. The benefits of application of active suspension simulation are numerous: reduction of time to market, the new and improved functions of mechatronic components/devices, as well as the increased system reliability. In suspension model development, we used CAD/CAE tools, as well as the multipurpose simulation programs. For simulation, we used the one-quarter vehicle model. The modelling was carried out through the state-space equation, after which we designed the controller for our system. During this, we considered only the digital systems of automatic regulation.
Limited oil reserves and the ecological consequences of its use in motor vehicles impose an increasing need for alternative energy and drives. The use of hydrogen as the fuel of the future is one of the solutions whose commercialization has begun in the past few years. Although its use has no impact on the environment, the production process, which is still expensive, does. Transport and storage of hydrogen, as well as advanced, but expensive technologies for its use, also present additional challenges, which are examined by the authors of this review paper through few topics. The properties of hydrogen, the way it is obtained, stored and transported are presented. Particular attention is paid to the method of obtaining the propulsion energy by combustion or by using different types of fuel cells. The paper also covers some examples of vehicles powered by hydrogen.
Abstract:In this paper, proceeding of determination and monitoring of ore recovery and dilution coefficients in lead and zinc mine "Sasa" -M.Kamenica, will be presented. The calculation of these technical and economic excavation parameters were carried out by means of geodetic evaluations and measurements of the volume of excavated and non excavated ore for each stope in the pit.
Key words: recovery, dilution, sublevel caving, geodetic measurementsApstrakt: U ovom radu prikazan je proces određivanja i praćenja koeficijenata iskorišćenja i razblaženja rude u procesu otkopavanja u rudniku olova i cinka "Sasa" -M. Kamenica. Proračun ovih tehno-ekonomskih parametara eksploatacije je izrađen na osnovu geodetskih procena i merenja zapremina otkopane i neootkopane rude na svakom pojedinčnom otkopu -čelu radilišta u jami.
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