Fishes are a prominent feature in most national economics and employments. Riverine ecosystems present unique opportunity to employment of fishers and youth community in the Ganga basin, India. Present study was undertaken to fish catch from the middle stretch of the Ganga river at Allahabad, India during the period July 2014 to June 2015. Annual fish landing demonstrated that the catch was dominated by miscellaneous group (22.16 kg day-1) followed by Oreochromis niloticus (12.76 kg day-1) and Sperata seenghala (12.63 kg day-1) and they accounted for 23.19 per cent, 13.36 per cent and 13.21 per cent, respectively. In case of Indian major carps, Cirrhinus mrigala shared maximum contribution with 7.73 kg day-1 (8.09%). Catla catla and Labeo rohita shared 1.45 (1.51%) and 2.35 kg day-1 (2.46%), respectively. The landing of fishes fluctuated from season to season from the Ganga river at Allahabad, India. For conservation point of view Cyprinus carpio and O. niloticus species should be monitored in the Ganga river. Both species are very harmful for the Ganga river ecosystem.
The phylogenetic analysis of Asian schilbeids could not be clearly defined due to lack of data, so the present study generated morphological and DNA barcode data for five commercially important schielbid species namely Clupisoma garua, Eutropiichthys murius, E. vacha, Ailia coila and Silonia silondia from the River Ganga, India. Additionally, 31 sequences of Schielbid species available in GenBank were also included in analysis to present a clear picture of the phylogenetic relationship among Schilbeids. The evolutionary history was inferred by using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Hasegawa-Kishino-Yano model with Gamma distribution. The average Kimura two parameter (K2P) distance between the species and within the species, show the sufficient separation of species. The neighbour-joining tree revealed distinct clusters in concurrence with the taxonomic status of the species. Our study established sister group relationship between genera of Asian schilbeids as Clupisoma,Laides, Eutropiicthys, Silonia, Ailia, Horabagrus, Pseudeutropius, Neotropius or Pachypterus and also suggest placement of C. sinensis to the genus Laides.
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