This study aimed to conduct an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal species in an área of cerrado vegetation in the chapada do Araripe, Ceara, as well as evaluating and selecting species with potential for bioprospecting, based on the relative importance of the species and the consensus among the informants. The ethnobotanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a free list, and by using the technique "snowball". It was analyzed the relative importance of the mentioned plants as well as species that stood out on the bodily systems, based on the factor:consensus among the informants. It was recorded a total of 38 species distributed into 35 genera and 25 families. Of the total eight species (21%) presented great versatility (IR≥1) regarding to its use. The therapeutic indications were grouped into 14 categories of bodily systems. Disorder of respiratory and genitourinary systems, injuries, poisoning and other consequences of external causes and diseases of the blood, organs and connective tissue, obtained a greater consensus among the informants. Ximenia americana, Himathantus drasticus, Stryphnodndron rotundifolium, Hancornia speciosa and Cecropia pachysthachya were the species subject to further study, based on versatility, and consensus of the use among the informants.

This study aims to evaluate the allelopathic activity of Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex J.C. Wendl., invasive species in an area of Cerrado in the Chapada do Araripe in Ceará. The treatments consisted of the aqueous extract in concentrations of 25, 50, 75 and 100% and a Control (distilled water), with five replicates containing 20 seeds each. The tests were carried out in the laboratory and in a greenhouse, using corn and beans as the test seeds. The parameters analyzed were number of germinated seeds, measurement of caulicle and radical length, occurrence of radicle necrosis and germination speed index (GSI). The results obtained from the laboratory bioassays on corn seeds indicate that the extract affected development of the seedlings, reducing caulicle growth and increasing radicle length, in addition to causing radicle necrosis. Regarding the bean seeds, there was a delay in the GSI, reduced caulicle growth and radicle necrosis. In the bioassay conducted in the greenhouse, for the corn seeds the extract inhibited germination and both caulicle and radicle growth, as well as delaying the GSI. When tested on the beans, the extract provoked reduction in the number of germinated seeds at the higher concentrations, delayed the GSI, reduced the radicle size and caused radicle necrosis. The allelopathic effects observed in the greenhouse were more significant, suggesting that environmental factors in conjunction with the action of the allelochemicals interfered more actively with the seed germination and seedling development of the receptor species.

No abstract

Rubiaceae é uma das maiores famílias de angiospermas abrangendo cerca de 650 gêneros e 13.000 espécies concentrada nos trópicos. O gênero Psychotria L. possui complexa taxonomia e se destaca pela produção de alcaloides bioativos amplamente utilizados na pesquisa de novos fármacos. Psychotria colorata (maria-da-mata) e Psychotria hoffmannseggiana (angélica-damata) são arbustos nativos não endêmicos do Brasil de ampla ocorrência em áreas de Mata Úmida de Chapada do Araripe. Com este trabalho objetivou-se identificar as classes de metabólitos secundários presentes em extratos brutos do caule (EBC) e das folhas (EBF) das espécies supracitadas para fins taxonômicos. As classes de metabólitos secundários encontrados no EBC de P. colorata foram fenóis, flavononas, leucoantocianinas, catequinas, flavononas e alcaloides e no EBF foram taninos, flavonas, flavonoides, xantonas, chalconas, flavonóis, leucoantocianinas, catequinas, flavononas e alcaloides. Em P. hoffmannseggiana foram encontados fenóis, flavononas, chalconas, leucoantocianinas, catequinas, flavonas e alcaloides no EBC e fenóis, taninos, flavonas, chalconas, flavononas e alcaloides no EBF. A classe de alcaloides é a que têm maior relevância do ponto de vista taxonômico. Sendo provável que P. colorata pertença ao subgênero Psychotria enquanto P. hoffannseggiana pertença ao subgênero Heteropsychotria.

ResumoO trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer e analisar os parâmetros ambientais e de qualidade da água no pesquepague localizado no Clube Recreativo Grangeiro, Crato-CE. Para a avaliação dos indicadores ambientais foi utilizado um protocolo aplicado em entrevista. Para as análises dos parâmetros físico-químicos (pH, turbidez, oxigênio dissolvido, temperatura (ºC), dureza total, alcalinidade, amônia, nitrito) e microbiológicos (coliformes totais e Escherichia coli), foram coletadas amostras em 5 pontos aleatórios no lago de pesca. A análise ambiental não conferiu impacto significativo. Não houve registro de contaminação ou poluição por produtos químicos. Os parâmetros físico-químicos foram condizentes com os valores considerados normais segundo a legislação, exceto na análise do teor de amônia que variou 0,25 a 0,5 ppm, valor considerado acima do ideal. A análise microbiológica apresentou coliformes totais e E. coli em todos os pontos. Essa pesquisa foi pioneira para o pesquepague e sugere um monitoramento periódico da qualidade da água do lago, a fim de oferecer confiabilidade aos visitantes e apreciadores dessa modalidade. Palavras-chaves:Pesque-pague, Análise físico-química, microbiológica. ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL OF CATCH-PAY CLUB RECREATIONAL GRANGEIRO, CRATO-CE AbstractThe study aimed to understand and analyze environmental parameters and water quality in catch-pay located in Club Recreational Grangeiro, Crato, CE. For the evaluation of environmental indicators was used a protocol applied in an interview. For analysis of the physico-chemical parameters (pH, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, temperature (°C), total hardness, alkalinity, ammonia, nitrite) and microbiological (total coliforms and Escherichia coli), samples were collected in five random points in the lake fishing. In environmental analysis did not confer significant impact. There was no record of contamination or pollution by chemicals. The physico-chemical parameters were consistent with the values considered normal according to the law, except in the analysis of the concentration of ammonia ranging from 0.25 to 0.5 ppm, which is considered above the ideal. Microbiological analysis showed total coliforms and E. coli at all points. This research was pioneered for catch-pay and suggests a periodic monitoring of water quality of the lake in order to provide reliability to visitors and appreciative of this kind.

The aim of this work is to study the effects of the brute aqueous extract (BAE) of seven species of the genus Miconia occurring in the Chapada do Araripe-CE on Lactuca sativa, in addition to identifying the classes of secondary metabolites present in the extracts. The treatments consisted of four concentrations of leaf extract (25, 50, 75 and 100%), in addition to a control (0%) of distilled water, with five replicates each in a totally randomized experiment design layout for seven days. The following were assessed: number of germinated seeds, germination speed index (GSI), caulicle and radicle root length of the seedlings, occurrence of radical root necrosis, changes in the mitotic index and occurrence of chromosomal aberrations. The classes of secondary metabolites present in the extracts were identified through color changes and/or formation of precipitation. The brute aqueous extract of the leaves of M. albicans, M. alborufescens and M. stenostachya inhibited the germination of lettuce. All the BAEs of Miconia spp. had an adverse effect on the growth of the caulicle and radicle root of L. sativa. The extracts of M. albicans, M. ibaguensis, M. lingustroides and M. stenostachya were cytotoxic for the lettuce seedlings. Chromosomal aberrations were observed in all tested extracts. The metabolites found were hydrolysable and condensed tannins, flavonoids, flavones, flavanonols, chalcones, aurones and alkaloids. The tested species of Miconia showed inhibitory allelopathic activity within the parameters tested. The classes of secondary metabolites found could be responsible for the allelopathic and cytotoxic effects observed.

ResuMo -O trabalho objetivou estudar o extrato obtido por infusão de sete espécies do gênero Miconia (Miconia albicans, Miconia alborufescens, Miconia ciliata, Miconia ibaguensis, Miconia lingustroides, Miconia minutiflora e Miconia stenostachya), sobrea germinação, desenvolvimento e índice mitótico de alface (Lactuca sativa). O extrato foi preparado com 30 gramas de folhas imersas em 1L de água destilada a 100ºC por uma hora. Os tratamentos constaram do extrato a 100% diluído em água destilada a 75, 50 e 25% e o grupo controle constou de água destilada (0%). As sementes de L. sativa foram postas para germinar em placas de Peri contendo papel filtro umedecido com 3 mL do substrato nas diversas concentrações por sete dias. Para análise do índice mitótico foi utilizada a técnica de esmagamento e coloração das pontas de raiz de alface. Foram avaliados o número de sementes germinadas, IVG, comprimento das plântulas e necrose das radículas. Foi observada a presença de anomalias cromossômicas. A pesquisa de metabolitos secundários foi feita através da mudança de cor e formação de precipitado com adição de reagentes específicos. Todos os extratos por infusão de Miconia spp. inibiram significativamente o comprimento da radícula da planta teste. Somente duas espécies testadas apresentaram efeito sobre o índice mitótico de alface, o qual teve um aumento com o uso dos extratos de M. albicans e uma inibição com os de M. lingustroides. Várias anomalias cromossômicas foram encontradas com destaque para C-metáfases e micronúcleos. As espécies de Miconia testadas caracterizam-se pela presença de taninos e flavonoides. Os extratos testados demonstraram efeito alopático negativo sobre as radículas da planta teste. AbstRAct -This study aimed to evaluate the influence of extracts, obtained by the infusion of seven species of the genus Miconia (Miconia albicans, Miconia alborufescens, Miconia ciliata, Miconia ibaguensis, Miconia lingustroides, Miconia minutiflora, and Miconia stenostachya), on the germination, development and mitotic index of Lactuca sativa. The extract was prepared with 30 grams of leaves immersed in 1 L of distilled water at 100 °C for one hour. The treatments consisted of 100% extract diluted in 75, 50 and 25% distilled water and the control group consisted of distilled water (0%). L. sativa seeds were placed to germinate in Petri dishes, containing filter paper moistened with 3 mL of the substrate at the different concentrations, for seven days. The method of crushing and staining the lettuce root tips was used for the mitotic index analysis. The number of germinated seeds, germination speed index, length of seedlings, and necrosis of rootlets were evaluated. The presence of chromosomal abnormalities was observed. The secondary metabolite analysis was performed by the change of color and formation of precipitate with the addition of specific reagents. All extracts by infusion of Miconia spp.