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Establishing a level of comfort in which students feel at ease in an online course is primarily the responsibility of the professor, but fostering this community of inquiry is a complicated task. While research is rich with regard to broad instructional practices that can be used to foster social presence, practical strategies and examples for faculty to use are lacking in the literature. This chapter describes specific social presence-related instructional strategies used to foster an atmosphere of sharing, support, and success for students enrolled in online courses.

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The focus of this study was to identify themes that emerged on the publicly-posted #ILookLikeAProfessor hashtag Twitter campaign during August 2015. This qualitative content analysis explored tweets (n=1,855) from www.twitter.com/#ILookLikeAProfessor. Through qualitative open and inductive coding methods, four major themes were derived from the Twitter campaign among participants: 1) discussing diversity, 2) addressing appearance, 3) identifying self, and 4) using visual support. Researchers offer ideas for future study about this campaign and hashtag activism.

After a peaceful protest in Dallas, Texas became the site of an ambush of police officers, The Dallas Morning News (DMN) asked readers to tell the world about their city, through a meme generator and #MyDallasIs hashtag. Citizen framing was analyzed using quantitative and qualitative methods to discover how the city was framed on Twitter (n=277 tweets), publicly available Instagram posts (n=91), and through comments left on a The DMN webpage (n=209). Participants opted for frames that re(named) and re(claimed) their city, with themes of home, unity, diversity, city pride, beauty, love and resilience. On the newspaper’s page, one additional dominant theme surfaced: otherness, aggression, and privilege.  This research expands the literature with the notion that platforms exhibit differences in frames projected by the citizen journalists. Authors offer implications of social media citizen framing and recovery efforts for cities after urban trauma.