Objectives. The aim of this study was to determine (1) the diagnostic efficacy of orthopantomography (OPG) in the diagnosis of sinus diseases by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) as the imaging gold standard, (2) which diseases can be diagnosed by using panoramic radiography or CBCT, and (3) the interobserver agreement of 2 experienced dental radiologists. Study Design. The images of 714 individuals who underwent OPG and CBCT on the same day were assessed separately by 2 dental radiologists. The results were compared by using Gwet's AC 1 statistical methods. Results. In total, 1322 maxillary sinuses were imaged. The sensitivity of OPG for the detection of any maxillary sinus pathology was poor compared with CBCT, but the specificity was high. The sensitivity of OPG for detecting mucosal thickening was 36.7%. The positive predictive value of OPG for diagnosing mucosal thickening was 79.9 %, but the negative predictive value was 51.9%. Interobserver agreement was strong (0.912) for all lesions except mucosal thickening. Conclusions. Panoramic imaging has low efficacy in the diagnosis of sinus disease, even when examined by experienced dental radiologists. OPG can be useful in excluding disease, but 3-dimensional scanning is necessary for the definitive investigation of sinus lesions.

Appendix-containing inguinal hernias are known as Amyand hernias. Traditionally, these hernias have been diagnosed at surgery but are increasingly diagnosed on abdominal computed tomography scans. The classification of Amyand hernias determines their subsequent surgical management; as such, it is important for the radiologist to be familiar with the appearances of the subtypes of Amyand hernias.

Dental anomalies rarely occur in the Australian population, which possesses a wide-ranging multiethnic cohort. Despite their rarity, they can be incidentally discovered so identification and management by dental practitioners are important.

Bone hemangiomas are extremely rare in the ribs, with only a handful of cases reported in the literature. A case of a rib hemangioma is presented in which the pre-resection diagnosis was an aggressive chest wall tumor. The plain film, CT, MRI and bone scan features of the lesion were reviewed with the pathological correlation. On imaging, the lesion was expansile and lytic, and it also had fine bony trabeculae. The lesion also demonstrated growth beyond a disrupted bony cortex, suggesting malignancy. This case report adds to the literature on this rare condition and discusses the issues in the diagnosis of chest wall tumors.

Introduction: The cranial sutures allow for growth of the developing brain in both the pre-and post-natal period but also play a crucial role in vaginal delivery. Birth problems are commonly reported by the mothers of children with craniosynostosis and, in particular, sagittal synostosis. Methods: Patients presenting with all forms of craniosynostosis were identified through a search of computer records, and the antenatal imaging was obtained and examined. The fetal cranial measurements including biparietal diameter, occipitofrontal diameter and head circumference were recorded, and the cephalic index (CI) was calculated for each affected fetus. A birth history was also recorded. Results: Scans in both the second and third trimesters were available for 28 fetuses who had sagittal synostosis. Eight fetuses (29%) had a significant reduction in CI (>3) between the morphology and growth scans. There was an increase in the number of emergency caesarean deliveries in women whose fetuses had sagittal synostosis when compared with the general population (22% vs. 17%). Conclusion: The calculation of CI can be performed routinely at antenatal scanning. A value outside the normal range or a change in CI during the pregnancy should prompt detailed scanning of the fetal skull and cranial sutures. This will assist obstetricians with delivery planning.

Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry website (U1111-1148-1066). http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12613001038785.aspx.

The approximate range for physiologic fusion was found to be 3-19 months and patients with fusion within this range can be considered normal. Complete suture fusion is expected by 19 months. Additionally, results indicate suture fusion prior to 3 months is abnormal and diagnostically indicative of metopic synostosis.

Gastrointestinal manifestations of disease are present in most adults with cystic fibrosis. Radiologists are familiar with the classical imaging characteristics of end-stage pulmonary disease and the radiological findings of meconium ileus in neonates. As most patients now live into adulthood, recognition of the imaging appearances of abdominal disease is important to enable prompt diagnosis and treatment. Accordingly, this article presents typical imaging appearances of the adult gastrointestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis.