This cross-sectional study investigated if gender, education, and country of birth were associated with perceived need and unmet need for mental healthcare (i.e., refraining from seeking care, or perceiving care as insufficient when seeking it). Questionnaire and register data from 2008 were collected for 3987 individuals, aged 19–64 years, in a random population-based sample from western Sweden. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were used. Men were less likely to perceive a need for care than were women, even after adjusting for mental well-being. Men were also less likely to seek care and perceiving care as sufficient. People with secondary education were less likely to seek care than those with university education. There were no statistically significant differences based on country of birth. The observed gender and education-based inequalities increases our understanding of where interventions can be implemented. These inequalities in unmet need for mental healthcare should be targeted by the healthcare system.

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arbeidsprofil i en psykiatrisk poliklinikk i Oslo. Fra Dikemark sykehus 6. avd., Mllergt. 43. Nord Psykiatr Tidsskr 1985; 39:359-364. Oslo. ISSN 0029-1455. The function of the psychiatrist in the out-patient clinicThe authors are working at the out-patient clinic in M6llergt. 43 in Oslo, subordinated to Dikemark hospital as an independent ward. The clinic is organized in three multiprofessional teams, each lead by the chief psychiatrist and the two consultants.The field of the psychiatrists in the out-patient clinic concerns psychotherapy, supervision, administration, professional development and research. The purpose of our investigation was therefore to describe the working conditions and the role of the psychiatrist.The registration took place over a period of 6 months or 1 year either in 1983 or 1984. To describe treatment activities, the patients have been grouped according to age, diagnosis and number of treatment sessions. We think these registrations are compatible. as the number of admissions has been rather constant in the actual period.Each doctor has also made a registration of all activities not directly related to the patients. These activities were divided into two categories, supervision and administrative functions. All the results are displayed in 3 tables describing the various activities.The chief psychiatrist spends about 25 % of available working time in therapies, while the consultants and the residents use about 40 % of their working time in direct contact with the patients. A considerable amount of time is also used for various supervisory activities both within and outside the ward.The doctors usually give 5 to 10 weekly psychotherapies, giving top priority to young and middle-aged patients mostly suffering from neurotic and borderline conditions. Also psychotherapies of young schizophrenics, and group therapies with married couples and families are done.Differences in the working profiles are explained as partly caused by the different compositions and working styles of the teams. Administrative work is partly distributed between the psychiatrists. To make more time available for clinical work it would be an advantage to increase the number of doctors in the out-patient clinic.Legislation gives top priority to the care of patients with emergency conditions or violent behaviour. This reduces the capacity for psychotherapy, education and research.The out-patient clinic is considered a suitable place for psychiatric training and education of residents. This should be taken advantage of in the training of psychiatrists. 0 Psychotherapy, supervision, administration, research. , Dikemark sykehus, 6. avd. Mdlergt. 43, N-0179 Oslo 1. Ahepterr: 19.5.85 de fB stillinger som eksisterer i poliklinikkene, er tjenesten her blitt et ccnBLye~ i utdannelsen. Nye henvendelser (ccinntak*) ti1 polikli-Nord J Psychiatry Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by Osaka University on 11/20/14 Overlege Carl Severin AlbretsenFor personal use only.

Background: Depression and anxiety disorder contribute to a significant part of the disease burden among men, yet many men refrain from seeking care or receive insufficient care when they do seek it. This is plausibly detrimental to men’s mental well-being, but there is a lack of population-based research to confirm this. This study investigated 1) if men who had refrained from seeking mental healthcare had poorer mental well-being than those who sought care, 2) if those who sought care but perceived it as insufficient had poorer mental well-being than those who perceived care as sufficient, and 3) if these differences persisted after one year. Methods: This longitudinal study used questionnaire data from a population-based sample of 1240 men, aged 19-64 years, in Sweden. Having refrained from seeking mental healthcare, or perceiving the care as insufficient, at any time in life, was assessed in a questionnaire, 2008. Current mental well-being was assessed in 2008 and 2009 using mean scores on the WHO (Ten) Well-being Index, with a lower score indicating poorer mental well-being. Group differences were calculated using t-tests and multivariable linear regression analysis.Results: Of the men who had perceived a need for mental healthcare, 37% refrained from seeking such care. They had lower mental well-being scores in 2008, compared to those who sought care. Of those seeking care, 29 % perceived it as insufficient. They had lower mental well-being scores in 2008, compared to those who perceived the care as sufficient, but this was not statistically significant when controlling for potential confounders. There were no differences in mental well-being scores based on care-seeking or perceived care-sufficiency in 2009. Conclusions: This population-based study provides some support for the hypothesis that refraining from seeking mental healthcare, or perceiving the care as insufficient, is detrimental to men’s mental well-being. However, the lack of differences over time contradicts this hypothesis. The results highlight the need for larger longitudinal studies, measuring care-seeking within a more specified time frame, and using longer follow-up periods. This should be combined with efforts to increase men’s mental healthcare-seeking and to provide mental healthcare that is perceived as sufficient.

Background: Depression and anxiety disorder contribute to a significant part of the disease burden among men, yet many men refrain from seeking care or receive insufficient care when they do seek it. This is plausibly detrimental to men’s mental well-being, but there is a lack of population-based research to confirm this. This study investigated 1) if men who had refrained from seeking mental healthcare had poorer mental well-being than those who sought care, 2) if those who sought care but perceived it as insufficient had poorer mental well-being than those who perceived care as sufficient, and 3) if these differences persisted over time. Methods: This longitudinal study used questionnaire data from a population-based sample of 1240 men, aged 19-64 years, in Sweden. Having refrained from seeking mental healthcare, or perceiving the care as insufficient, at any time in life, was assessed in a questionnaire, 2008. Current mental well-being was assessed in both 2008 and 2009 using mean scores on the WHO (Ten) Well-being Index, with a lower score indicating poorer mental well-being. Group differences were calculated using t-tests and multivariable linear regression analysis.Results: Of the men who had perceived a need for mental healthcare, 37% refrained from seeking such care. They had lower mental well-being scores in 2008, compared to those who sought care. Of those seeking care, 29 % perceived it as insufficient. They had lower mental well-being scores in 2008, compared to those who perceived the care as sufficient, but this was not statistically significant when controlling for potential confounders in the regression analysis. There were no differences in mental well-being scores based on care-seeking or perceived care-sufficiency in 2009. Conclusions: This population-based study provides some empirical support for the hypothesis that refraining from seeking mental healthcare, or perceiving the care as insufficient, is detrimental to men’s mental well-being. However, the lack of persistent differences contradicts this hypothesis. The results highlight the need for more research, using larger population-based samples of men, and longer follow-up periods. This should be combined with efforts to increase men’s mental healthcare-seeking and to provide mental healthcare that is perceived as sufficient.