Background: Malnutrition is a global health problem especially in extremes of age. Elderly people are a fast-growing group that is at greater risk of malnutrition due to high prevalence of comorbidities and limited resources available for them. Elderly are more prone to negative effects of malnutrition on quality of life and health outcomes due to their vulnerable nature and this is often preventable. Aim: To assess the effect of nutritional status on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among community-dwelling elderly living i n a rural village in Dakahliya, Egypt. .Methods: A cross-sectional study. A random sample of 170 community-dwelling elderly living in Dakahliya. Demographic data were collected, and comprehensive geriatric assessment was done for each participant includin g history taking, clinical examination, psychological, mental and functional assessment. Assessment of nutritional status was done using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. HRQoL was measured using the Short-Form Health Survey-36 items (SF-36) questionnaire. Results: The present study showed that among the 170 participants; 45(26.5%) of them were malnourished, 69 (40.6%) were at risk of malnutrition and 56 (32.9%) were well nourished, and showed that HRQoL wa s significantly poorer in malnourished elderly (P ˂0.001). Conclusions: The high prevalence of malnutrition highlights the importance of regular screening of elderly at community settings. As improvement in HRQoL is a growing goal for the worldwide health care and the strong effect of nutritional status on HRQoL, nutritional screening and intervention are extremely important especially for elderly.
Patient: Female, 39-year-old Final Diagnosis: Cutaneous endometriosis Symptoms: Blood mixed fluid from left border of Cesarean scar mass • pain and discoloration around incision line Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Excision of the mass Specialty: Obstetrics and Gynecology Objective: Rare disease Background: Endometriosis is a unique entity described in ample literature as the decidualization of endometrial tissues under the influence of gynecological hormones outside the uterine cavity. The post-surgical presence of ectopic endometrial tissue on the skin is known as abdominal wall endometriosis, cutaneous endometriosis, or scar endometriosis. Iatrogenic implantation of detached endometrial tissues at the incision site is the most widely accepted theory for this rare monad. The unspecific scar endometriosis presentation makes it challenging to diagnose. Moreover, it can easily be confused with hematoma, hernia, lipoma, abscess, scar granuloma, and tumor. Here, we report and discuss a rare case of scar endometriosis with various available treatment modalities. Case Report: We delineate a case of a 39-year-old woman with abdominal wall cutaneous endometriosis. An “inverted T” incision opened the abdominal and uterine cavity as it was a problematic preterm breech in labor. After an uneventful postoperative and postpartum period, she presented with a painful, discolored nodular mass of approximately 3 cm in diameter at the left border of the cesarian scar, developed over 1.5 years, often accompanied by drainage of brownish discharge. Ultrasonography with color Doppler showed a hypoechoic lesion with internal vascularity, corroborated our preliminary diagnosis of scar endometriosis, which was further confirmed by surgical excision and histopathology. Conclusions: A proper surgical resection is the standard treatment line for scar endometriosis. However, patients need regular follow-up to look for recurrences, even after treatment. Further studies are recommended to establish factors associated with cutaneous endometriosis recurrence.
Background Professionally applied topical fluoride preparations have been commonly used and have proven to prevent dental decay. Alternative preparations that provide further benefits may be of interest to investigate. This study aimed to investigate the effect of experimental nano silver fluoride (NSF) formulation compared to commercial sodium fluoride varnish (FV) on prevention of in vitro demineralization of initially sound enamel in primary teeth. Methods Forty-eight extracted/exfoliated sound molars were sectioned buccolingually into 96 specimens then assigned randomly into two equal groups. Each group was further subdivided into two equal subgroups (Ia: NSF, IIa: FV, Ib and IIb as negative controls). The test materials were applied, then all the specimens were subjected to a demineralization pH cycling model for 7 days. Specimens were examined for surface microhardness using Vickers microhardness device and lesion depth was evaluated by polarized light microscope using image J 1.46r software. Data were analyzed using paired t-test, independent t-test, and Mann Whitney U test. Results The test materials were significantly superior to their negative controls, (P < 0.001) and comparable to each other, (P > 0.05) regarding microhardness and lesion depth. In comparison to FV, NSF showed lower yet statistically insignificant percent increase in microhardness and decrease in lesion depth, (P = 0.81, 0.86, respectively). Qualitative evaluation revealed that both agents reduced the lesion depth formation. Conclusion NSF showed similar effect to that of FV in limiting in vitro enamel demineralization caused by acidic challenge. Hence, it could be regarded as a promising alternative preventive agent in primary teeth.
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